The effects of adjusted sprint speed on timing, angular and adjusted linear kinematic variables, with results from simple linear regressions and partial correlation analyses†
Dependent variable . | Slope . | y intercept . | r2 . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stride duration | —0.003±0.001 | 0.171±0.018 | 0.40 (0.44) | 0.036 (0.026) |
| Dfstance | —0.007±0.002 | 0.402±0.031 | 0.53 (0.61) | 0.011 (0.005) |
| Relative stride length** | 0.092±0.019 | 0.574±0.290 | 0.71 (0.73) | 0.001 (<0.001) |
| RelativeΔ Xknee** | 0.086±0.018 | 0.620±0.265 | 0.72 (0.74) | <0.001 |
| Relative ΔYknee | — | — | — | Ns |
| Relative ΔZknee | — | — | — | Ns |
| RelativeΔ Xankle** | 0.089±0.019 | 0.582±0.281 | 0.71 (0.73) | 0.001 |
| Relative ΔYankle | — | — | — | Ns |
| RelativeΔ Zankle* | 0.018±0.004 | 0.066±0.056 | 0.72 (0.74) | <0.001 |
| Relative Yhip,ff | 0.022±0.005 | —0.119±0.075 | 0.68 (0.71) | 0.002 (0.001) |
| Relative eLLslap | 0.013±0.004 | 0.215±0.067 | 0.49 (0.56) | 0.017 (0.008) |
| Relative eLLstroke | — | — | — | Ns |
| Knee extension | —4.45±0.74 | 136±11 | 0.80 | <0.001 |
| Knee flexion | — | — | — | Ns |
| Ankle extension* | —4.84±1.65 | 133±25 | 0.49 (0.43) | 0.017 (0.029) |
| Ankle flexion | — | — | — | Ns |
| Relative UX,slap | — | — | — | Ns |
| Relative UX,stroke | — | — | — | Ns |
| Relative UY,slap | — | — | — | Ns |
| Relative UY,stroke | 0.003±0.001 | —0.110±0.016 | 0.46 | 0.022 (0.021) |
| Relative UZ,slap* | 0.009±0.003 | —0.107±0.045 | 0.52 (0.43) | 0.013 (0.029) |
| Relative UZ,stroke | 0.008±0.003 | —0.020±0.039 | 0.48 (0.44) | 0.018 (0.026) |
Dependent variable . | Slope . | y intercept . | r2 . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stride duration | —0.003±0.001 | 0.171±0.018 | 0.40 (0.44) | 0.036 (0.026) |
| Dfstance | —0.007±0.002 | 0.402±0.031 | 0.53 (0.61) | 0.011 (0.005) |
| Relative stride length** | 0.092±0.019 | 0.574±0.290 | 0.71 (0.73) | 0.001 (<0.001) |
| RelativeΔ Xknee** | 0.086±0.018 | 0.620±0.265 | 0.72 (0.74) | <0.001 |
| Relative ΔYknee | — | — | — | Ns |
| Relative ΔZknee | — | — | — | Ns |
| RelativeΔ Xankle** | 0.089±0.019 | 0.582±0.281 | 0.71 (0.73) | 0.001 |
| Relative ΔYankle | — | — | — | Ns |
| RelativeΔ Zankle* | 0.018±0.004 | 0.066±0.056 | 0.72 (0.74) | <0.001 |
| Relative Yhip,ff | 0.022±0.005 | —0.119±0.075 | 0.68 (0.71) | 0.002 (0.001) |
| Relative eLLslap | 0.013±0.004 | 0.215±0.067 | 0.49 (0.56) | 0.017 (0.008) |
| Relative eLLstroke | — | — | — | Ns |
| Knee extension | —4.45±0.74 | 136±11 | 0.80 | <0.001 |
| Knee flexion | — | — | — | Ns |
| Ankle extension* | —4.84±1.65 | 133±25 | 0.49 (0.43) | 0.017 (0.029) |
| Ankle flexion | — | — | — | Ns |
| Relative UX,slap | — | — | — | Ns |
| Relative UX,stroke | — | — | — | Ns |
| Relative UY,slap | — | — | — | Ns |
| Relative UY,stroke | 0.003±0.001 | —0.110±0.016 | 0.46 | 0.022 (0.021) |
| Relative UZ,slap* | 0.009±0.003 | —0.107±0.045 | 0.52 (0.43) | 0.013 (0.029) |
| Relative UZ,stroke | 0.008±0.003 | —0.020±0.039 | 0.48 (0.44) | 0.018 (0.026) |
Asterisks indicate significant partial correlation of absolute,unadjusted dependent variable with absolute sprint velocity (mass held constant)
***P<0.001.
All linear variables used in simple linear regressions were adjusted by leg length (LL) and snout—vent length (SVL). When different, simple regression r2 and/or P-values for SVL are shown in parentheses. All values not in parentheses are presented as means ± S.E.M. (N=11).
Abbreviations are presented as they are described in the text and List of symbols.
Only the absolute values were used in partial correlation analyses. Mass was held constant
P<0.05
P<0.01