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Table 2.

Results of the t-tests for hardness and elasticity modulus of different wax samples obtained in nanoindentation experiments

Comparison	d.f.	t	P
Hardness
100 nm indentation depth
Upper plant vs lower plant	38	-10.882	<0.001
Upper extract vslower extract	38	0.286	0.776
500 nm indentation depth
Upper plant vs lower plant	38	-15.649	<0.001
Upper extract vslower extract	38	-2.255	0.030
1000 nm indentation depth
Upper plant vs lower plant	38	-19.721	<0.001
Upper extract vslower extract	38	-2.578	0.014
Elasticity modulus
100 nm indentation depth
Upper plant vs lower plant	38	-16.529	<0.001
Upper extract vslower extract	38	0.096	0.924
500 nm indentation depth
Upper plant vs lower plant	38	-29.491	<0.001
Upper extract vslower extract	38	0.479	0.634
1000 nm indentation depth
Upper plant vs lower plant	38	-36.764	<0.001
Upper extract vslower extract	38	2.268	0.029

Comparison	d.f.	t	P
Hardness
100 nm indentation depth
Upper plant vs lower plant	38	-10.882	<0.001
Upper extract vslower extract	38	0.286	0.776
500 nm indentation depth
Upper plant vs lower plant	38	-15.649	<0.001
Upper extract vslower extract	38	-2.255	0.030
1000 nm indentation depth
Upper plant vs lower plant	38	-19.721	<0.001
Upper extract vslower extract	38	-2.578	0.014
Elasticity modulus
100 nm indentation depth
Upper plant vs lower plant	38	-16.529	<0.001
Upper extract vslower extract	38	0.096	0.924
500 nm indentation depth
Upper plant vs lower plant	38	-29.491	<0.001
Upper extract vslower extract	38	0.479	0.634
1000 nm indentation depth
Upper plant vs lower plant	38	-36.764	<0.001
Upper extract vslower extract	38	2.268	0.029

Upper plant, the upper wax layer of a fresh plant; lower plant, the lower wax layer of a fresh plant; upper extract, extracted wax of the upper layer;lower extract, extracted wax of the lower layer.

d.f., degrees of freedom; t, the t-test statistics; P, probability value.

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