Heart looping and tail curl phenotypes of sea embryos injected with a low dose of sea MO
| . | . | . | Heart looping (%) . | . | . | Tail phenotypes (%) . | . | . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genotype . | Stage . | n . | Right (normal) . | Left (reversed) . | None (midline) . | Straight . | Slight bend . | CTD . | ||||
| seatg238a (+/+, +/–) | 50 hpf | 451 | 99 | 1 | 0 | 100 | – | – | ||||
| seatg238a (–/–) | 50 hpf | 150 | 92 | 7 | 1 | – | – | 100 | ||||
| seatg238a + e5i5 sea MO (+/+) | 50 hpf | 29 | 76 | 24 | – | 100 | – | – | ||||
| seatg238a + e5i5 sea MO (+/–) | 50 hpf | 101 | 73 | 27 | – | 59 | 21 | 20 | ||||
| seatg238a + e5i5 sea MO (–/–) | 50 hpf | 23 | 52 | 48 | – | – | 17 | 83 | ||||
| seafa20r (+/+, +/–) | 50 hpf | 370 | 100 | – | – | 100 | – | – | ||||
| seafa20r (–/–) | 50 hpf | 120 | 94 | 5 | 2 | – | – | 100 | ||||
| seafa20r + e5i5 sea MO (+/+) | 50 hpf | 10 | 90 | 10 | – | 20 | 80 | – | ||||
| seafa20r + e5i5 sea MO (+/–) | 50 hpf | 25 | 68 | 32 | – | 36 | 44 | 20 | ||||
| seafa20r + e5i5 sea MO (–/–) | 50 hpf | 12 | 75 | 25 | – | – | – | 100 | ||||
| . | . | . | Heart looping (%) . | . | . | Tail phenotypes (%) . | . | . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genotype . | Stage . | n . | Right (normal) . | Left (reversed) . | None (midline) . | Straight . | Slight bend . | CTD . | ||||
| seatg238a (+/+, +/–) | 50 hpf | 451 | 99 | 1 | 0 | 100 | – | – | ||||
| seatg238a (–/–) | 50 hpf | 150 | 92 | 7 | 1 | – | – | 100 | ||||
| seatg238a + e5i5 sea MO (+/+) | 50 hpf | 29 | 76 | 24 | – | 100 | – | – | ||||
| seatg238a + e5i5 sea MO (+/–) | 50 hpf | 101 | 73 | 27 | – | 59 | 21 | 20 | ||||
| seatg238a + e5i5 sea MO (–/–) | 50 hpf | 23 | 52 | 48 | – | – | 17 | 83 | ||||
| seafa20r (+/+, +/–) | 50 hpf | 370 | 100 | – | – | 100 | – | – | ||||
| seafa20r (–/–) | 50 hpf | 120 | 94 | 5 | 2 | – | – | 100 | ||||
| seafa20r + e5i5 sea MO (+/+) | 50 hpf | 10 | 90 | 10 | – | 20 | 80 | – | ||||
| seafa20r + e5i5 sea MO (+/–) | 50 hpf | 25 | 68 | 32 | – | 36 | 44 | 20 | ||||
| seafa20r + e5i5 sea MO (–/–) | 50 hpf | 12 | 75 | 25 | – | – | – | 100 | ||||
CTD, curly tail down
Clutches of sea embryos were injected with a low dose of sea MO that does not cause CTD defects on its own. Injected embryos were scored for tail curl and heart looping followed by genotyping. `slight bend' refers to embryos where the tails were not perfectly straight but had small bends or kinks at the end. This phenotype is easily distinguishable from the true CTD phenotype