Morphological parameters and maximum body weight-specific vertical force production for eleven species of euglossine bee
| Taxonomic identification (N) . | m (mg) . | mw (%m) . | R (cm) . | AR . | pw (N m-2) . | FMR (%m) . | Fvert/mg . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eufriesea pulchra (11) | 366.7±36.8 | 0.48±0.04 | 1.38±0.30 | 6.59±0.34 | 30.84±2.63 | 38.3±2.5 | 2.11±0.13 (N=10) |
| Eufriesea schmidtiana (1) | 483.5 | 0.63 | 1.71 | 6.80 | 27.55 | 31.1b | 1.89 |
| Euglossa crassipunctata (9) | 68.1±7.0 | n/a | 0.81±0.02 | 6.39±0.26 | 16.15±1.52 | 32.8±1.2 | 2.06±0.09 (N=8) |
| Euglossa imperialisa(29) | 165.9±22.9 | 0.45±0.07 | 1.11±0.04 | 6.80±0.35 | 22.57±2.37 | 32.1±2.3 | 2.01±0.12 (N=11) |
| Euglossa sapphirina (8) | 56.6±4.3 | n/a | 0.73±0.02 | 6.65±0.54 | 17.49±1.30 | 32.9±1.4 | 2.04±0.10 (N=8) |
| Euglossa tridentata (10) | 116.1±11.6 | 0.40±0.06 | 0.93±0.03 | 6.70±0.15 | 22.23±2.04 | 32.6±1.8 | 1.90±0.08 (N=10) |
| Eulaema cingulata (1) | 545.4 | 0.55 | 1.76 | 6.88 | 29.70 | 34.8b | 2.07 |
| Eulaema meriana (11) | 817.1±95.4 | 0.77±0.05 | 2.17±0.06 | 6.28±0.15 | 26.83±3.07 | 33.7±3.5 | 1.77±0.11 |
| Eulaema nigritaa(17) | 401.6±53.6 | 0.57±0.07 | 1.55±0.06 | 6.45±0.29 | 26.37±2.80 | 33.9±3.7 | 2.13±0.25 (N=11) |
| Exaerete frontalis (12) | 676.9±44.7 | 0.96±0.06 | 2.29±0.04 | 6.49±0.26 | 20.50±1.79 | 35.1±2.2 | 1.82±0.12 (N=10) |
| Exaerete smaragdina (3) | 323.1±84.6 | 0.80±0.17 | 1.65±0.11 | 6.17±0.29 | 17.74±2.80 | 35.7±1.0b | 1.87±0.08 (N=2) |
| Taxonomic identification (N) . | m (mg) . | mw (%m) . | R (cm) . | AR . | pw (N m-2) . | FMR (%m) . | Fvert/mg . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eufriesea pulchra (11) | 366.7±36.8 | 0.48±0.04 | 1.38±0.30 | 6.59±0.34 | 30.84±2.63 | 38.3±2.5 | 2.11±0.13 (N=10) |
| Eufriesea schmidtiana (1) | 483.5 | 0.63 | 1.71 | 6.80 | 27.55 | 31.1b | 1.89 |
| Euglossa crassipunctata (9) | 68.1±7.0 | n/a | 0.81±0.02 | 6.39±0.26 | 16.15±1.52 | 32.8±1.2 | 2.06±0.09 (N=8) |
| Euglossa imperialisa(29) | 165.9±22.9 | 0.45±0.07 | 1.11±0.04 | 6.80±0.35 | 22.57±2.37 | 32.1±2.3 | 2.01±0.12 (N=11) |
| Euglossa sapphirina (8) | 56.6±4.3 | n/a | 0.73±0.02 | 6.65±0.54 | 17.49±1.30 | 32.9±1.4 | 2.04±0.10 (N=8) |
| Euglossa tridentata (10) | 116.1±11.6 | 0.40±0.06 | 0.93±0.03 | 6.70±0.15 | 22.23±2.04 | 32.6±1.8 | 1.90±0.08 (N=10) |
| Eulaema cingulata (1) | 545.4 | 0.55 | 1.76 | 6.88 | 29.70 | 34.8b | 2.07 |
| Eulaema meriana (11) | 817.1±95.4 | 0.77±0.05 | 2.17±0.06 | 6.28±0.15 | 26.83±3.07 | 33.7±3.5 | 1.77±0.11 |
| Eulaema nigritaa(17) | 401.6±53.6 | 0.57±0.07 | 1.55±0.06 | 6.45±0.29 | 26.37±2.80 | 33.9±3.7 | 2.13±0.25 (N=11) |
| Exaerete frontalis (12) | 676.9±44.7 | 0.96±0.06 | 2.29±0.04 | 6.49±0.26 | 20.50±1.79 | 35.1±2.2 | 1.82±0.12 (N=10) |
| Exaerete smaragdina (3) | 323.1±84.6 | 0.80±0.17 | 1.65±0.11 | 6.17±0.29 | 17.74±2.80 | 35.7±1.0b | 1.87±0.08 (N=2) |
m, body mass; mw, total wing mass; mmus, flight muscle mass; R, wing length; AR, aspect ratio; pw, wing loading; FMR,mmus/m; Fvert, maximum vertical force; g, gravitational acceleration.
Values are means ± 1 s.d. Sample size N follows taxonomic identification unless otherwise noted.
n/a, not applicable.
Morphological data are pooled from 1997 and 1998 samples, whereas values of Fvert/mg refer to 1997 data only (see text)
Values for FMR were calculated using the regression of flight muscle mass on body mass for congenerics (see text)