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Table 1.

Effects of temperature and rapid cold-hardening on courtship parameters in D. melanogaster

Mating temperature	Treatment group (N)	Number of courtship events	Duration of individual courtship events (min)	Courtship index (%)
16°C	Control (22)	0.9±0.2^a	9.6±0.8^a	20.6±5.7^a
16°C	RCH (20)	1.6±0.3^a,b	19.1±3.4^b	53.3±8.4^b
23°C	Control (20)	3.0±0.8^b,c	7.9±1.2^a	40.8±6.3^a,b
23°C	RCH (19)	6.6±2.1^c	4.9±0.7^a	52.3±3.9^b

Mating temperature	Treatment group (N)	Number of courtship events	Duration of individual courtship events (min)	Courtship index (%)
16°C	Control (22)	0.9±0.2^a	9.6±0.8^a	20.6±5.7^a
16°C	RCH (20)	1.6±0.3^a,b	19.1±3.4^b	53.3±8.4^b
23°C	Control (20)	3.0±0.8^b,c	7.9±1.2^a	40.8±6.3^a,b
23°C	RCH (19)	6.6±2.1^c	4.9±0.7^a	52.3±3.9^b

Flies in the rapid cold-hardening (RCH) group were subjected to a 2-h 16°C pre-treatment prior to mating trials. Control flies were held at 23°C until immediately before transfer to the mating temperature. Courtship index is defined as the percentage of the 1-h mating trial that a pair spends in reproductive behavior. Values are given as means ± s.e.m.; N=number of pairs. Values within columns are statistically different if they do not share a common letter(Kruskal—Wallis, multiple comparisons post-hoc tests, P<0.05).

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