...). Though well studied in mammals, the mechanisms by which these factors control mitochondrial content have been less studied in lower vertebrates. We evaluated the role of these transcriptional regulators in seasonal changes in white muscle cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity in eight local fish species...

...Carolina Priester; Lindsay C. Morton; Stephen T. Kinsey; Wade O. Watanabe; Richard M. Dillaman SUMMARY This study investigated the influence of fiber size on the distribution of nuclei and fiber growth patterns in white muscle of black sea bass, Centropristis striata, ranging in body mass from 0.45...

... of heat conservation in the red and the white muscle so as to make the output of the model agree as closely as possible with observed cross-sectional isotherms. In modeling the latter situation, we applied the heat exchanger efficiencies from the steady-state model to predict the distribution...

... observations, incubation in glycerol plus palmitate resulted in significant glycogen synthesis ( Fig. 4A ) without altering palmitate oxidation( Fig. 4C ). The results of the present study clearly demonstrate that in vitro , rainbow trout white muscle is capable of glycogen synthesis,provided it has...

... established two groups of cod that were fed or starved for 12 weeks. We evaluated sprint swimming and U crit performance as well as the speed at which repeated burst-coast movements began in the U crit test before measuring the metabolic capacities of red and white muscle sampled caudally,centrally...

... capacities of white muscle more than those of red muscle. The levels of glycolytic enzymes and glycogen changed more in white than red muscle during starvation. Both in fed and starved cod, muscle metabolic capacities varied with position along the fish;starvation reduced this longitudinal variation more...

...Rainie L. Sharpe; C. Louise Milligan SUMMARY Lactic acid is produced as an end product of glycolysis in rainbow trout white muscle following exhaustive exercise. The metabolically produced lactic acid causes an intramuscular acidosis that must be cleared, either via net transport out of the muscle...

....) elevation of red muscle PDH activity (approx. 1600 nmol g -1 wet tissue min -1 ). Significant 67% decreases in white muscle creatine phosphate and 73% decreases in glycogen levels, without matching increases in lactate levels, point to significant recruitment of white muscle during high-speed swimming...

...Tierney M. Thys; Jason M. Blank; David J. Coughlin; Fred Schachat SUMMARY The present study investigates muscle protein expression in largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides through intra- and intermyomeric comparisons of white muscle. Using denaturing SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, muscle...

... and the viscera. Red muscle, white muscle and stomach temperatures were measured in juvenile (5–13.6 kg) makos swimming steadily in a water tunnel and exposed to stepwise square-wave changes in ambient temperature ( T a ) to estimate the rates of heat transfer and to determine their capacity for the activity...

..., respectively. Northern blot analysis revealed that in adults both transcripts were expressed in fast white muscle only. MLC2 appeared earlier in development: MLC2 transcripts were detectable from the beginning of segmentation, whereas MLC3 transcripts did not appear until 27h post-fertilisation...

... the body. We report the first results on the mechanical properties of the red and white muscles of an anguilliform swimmer, Anguilla anguilla . Small preparations (0.147–1.335mg dry mass) were dissected from positions at fractions of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 of total body length ( BL ). We determined the time...

...Hélène Alami-Durante; Pierre Bergot; Michèle Rouel; Geoffrey Goldspink ABSTRACT A study was conducted on common carp ( Cyprinus carpio L.) to determine the effects of environmental temperature experienced by embryos and larvae on the development of myotomal white muscle. Eggs from one female were...

... in other species. Sarcomere strains of axial muscle fibres were calculated at 0.4 and 0.8 FL . During C-starts, white muscle fibres were exposed to maximum sarcomere strains of up to approximately 16 %, and posterior fibres had similar strains to anterior fibres (red 27 %; white 16 %). During S-starts...

...Peter G. Arthur; Timothy G. West; Peter W. Hochachka ABSTRACT A model is presented that provides guidelines to the identification of key experimental variables influencing proton balance and intracellular pH in vertebrate white muscle. We have drawn on data from the literature on rainbow trout...

...N. Day; P. J. Butler ABSTRACT Electromyographic recordings show that, for adult brown trout swum up to their critical swimming speed ( U crit ) in a flume at neutral pH, white muscle recruitment occurred when speeds approached 1 body length s −1 (BL s −1 ) and continued to U crit (approximately 2...

... inserted to the average depth of the red muscle). These measurements also showed that red muscle shortening occurs simultaneously with local backbone curvature, unlike previous results which suggested that white muscle shortening during the escape response occurs prior to the change in local backbone...

...Yuxiang Wang; George J. F. Heigenhauser; Chris M. Wood ABSTRACT White muscle and arterial blood plasma were sampled at rest and during 4 h of recovery from exhaustive exercise in rainbow trout. A compound respiratory and metabolic acidosis in the blood was accompanied by increases in plasma lactate...

... in white muscle by bicarbonate infusion resulted in retention of ammonia in the muscle, indicating that ammonia excretion across the muscle membrane might be enhanced by the hydration of excreted CO 2 in the extracellular fluid. Passive diffusion of NH 3 , rather than NH 4 + transfer, is probably...

...), pyruvate and lactate were measured on extracts from freeze-dried white muscle. Trained fish swam 14% further in 2 min, with 90% of this difference occurring between 20 and 50 s. Trained fish accumulated 32% more lactate, but showed no differences in glycogen or PCr depletion, and 22 % less ATP depletion...