... design to measure the acclimation response of preferred body temperature ( T p ), and the thermal performance curve of resting metabolic rate (RMR) and evaporative water loss (EWL). Our results showed that plasticity differs among traits: whereas T p and EWL showed lower values in warm conditions...

... our understanding of animal responses to environmental heat is crucial. To address this, I measured the water loss, body temperature and metabolism of an Australian marsupial during a simulated heatwave. The body temperature of the common ringtail possum Pseudocheirus peregrinus increased passively...

... ventilation patterns. Despite significant attention, however, the precise role of these ventilation patterns remains uncertain. Here, we determined the allometric scaling of metabolic rate and respiratory water loss in the red wood ant, as well as assessing the effect of movement upon metabolic rate...

...Alex M. Champagne; Victoria A. Pigg; Heather C. Allen; Joseph B. Williams ABSTRACT To survive high temperatures in a terrestrial environment, animals must effectively balance evaporative heat loss and water conservation. In passerine birds, cutaneous water loss (CWL) is the primary avenue of water...

... tolerant than males, surviving for longer periods than males under all experimental conditions. In addition, younger adults were more tolerant of desiccation than older groups. Both species showed reduced water loss rate (WLR) as the primary mechanism by which they tolerate desiccation. Although...

... test the hypothesis that mortality is caused by insufficient energy stores in the liver, abdominal fat bodies, tail or carcass or through excessive water loss. We found that lizards that died naturally had marginally greater mass loss, lower water content, and less liver glycogen remaining than living...

.... * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) 7 2 2012 13 3 2012 © 2012. 2012 ventilation water loss passive suction ventilation diffusion insect metabolic rate Insects living in terrestrial environments face significant metabolic challenges. For example, they have...

... mol l –1 and 1 mol l –1 total osmolytes, respectively. However, in addition to osmolyte accumulation, the gradually desiccated cocoons also tolerated a higher degree of water loss, demonstrating that gradually dehydrated D . octaedra cocoons are able to survive loss of ∼95% of the original water...

... of land birds. Auk 80 , 504 -539. Bartholomew, G. A. and Dawson, W. R. ( 1953 ). Respiratory water loss in some birds of southwestern United States. Physiol. Zool. 26 , 162 -166. Bartholomew, G. A., Hudson, J. W. and Howell, T. R. ( 1962 ). Body temperature, oxygen consumption, evaporative...

... measurement of evaporative water loss, oxygen consumption and thoracic temperature during flight in a carpenter bee. J. Exp. Zool. 222 , 287 -296. Roberts, S. P. and Harrison, J. F. ( 1998 ). Mechanisms of thermoregulation in flying bees. Amer. Zool. 38 , 492 -502. Roberts, S. P. and Harrison...

...John R. B. Lighton; Pablo E. Schilman; David A. Holway SUMMARY Partitioning the relative contributions of cuticular and respiratory water loss in a tracheate arthropod is relatively easy if it undergoes discontinuous gas exchange cycles or DGCs, leaving its rate of cuticular water loss in primary...

..., decreased in the same order. The least chill-tolerant insects (LD) showed the highest rate of body-water loss. Most of the water was lost from the haemolymph compartment. The ability to regulate a certain fraction of ion pools into the hindgut fluid was the highest in the SDA group, medium in the SD group...

...) is upregulated by desiccation, but the water loss threshold for Hsp expression changes at different rates of dehydration. Continued desiccation results in the prolonged expression of both Hsp23 and Hsp70, which may contribute to the delayed adult eclosion noted in samples desiccated for more than 3 days at <5...

...Steven L. Chown; Adrian L. V. Davis SUMMARY Respiratory water loss in insects is a controversial topic. Whilst earlier studies considered respiratory transpiration a significant component of overall water loss, to the extent that it was thought to be responsible not only for the evolution...

...Donna G. Folk; Timothy J. Bradley SUMMARY We have investigated water loss from, and ion regulation within, the hemolymph and tissues of five replicate populations of Drosophila melanogaster that have undergone laboratory selection for enhanced desiccation resistance (i.e. the D populations). We...

... of water loss. To understand mechanisms of water retention in greater detail, we investigated the three main routes by which Drosophila lose water: excretion, cuticular transpiration and respiratory loss through the spiracles. Excretory losses comprised <6% of total water flux and did not differ between...

... and resistance to water loss and for possible links between these adaptations. Mid-winter-acclimated supranivean D. spinosa and Periclistus pirata had lower supercooling points (-38 to -40°C)and higher hemolymph osmolalities (1760-1849 mosmol kg -1 ) than subnivean D. polita, D. gracilis, D. radicum...

... analysis of water balance in Drosophila species from different habitats. Desert (cactophilic) species were more resistant to desiccation than mesic ones. This resistance could be accomplished in three ways: by increasing the amount of water in the body, by reducing rates of water loss or by tolerating...

... affect water loss and that increased amounts and melting points of cuticular lipid reduce water loss. Using flow-through respirometry, rates of water loss and carbon dioxide release from grasshoppers were quantified at 25, 35 and 42 °C. Populations displayed substantial variation, with high-elevation...

...Fritz-Olaf Lehmann; Michael H. Dickinson; Jocelyn Staunton ABSTRACT By simultaneously measuring carbon dioxide release, water loss and flight force in several species of fruit flies in the genus Drosophila , we have investigated respiration and respiratory transpiration during elevated locomotor...