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Keywords: wake
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Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (2017) 220 (21): 3967–3975.
Published: 1 November 2017
... a primarily stabilizing role for shark dorsal fins. We evaluated the generality of this hypothesis by using time-resolved particle image velocimetry to record water flow patterns in the wake of both the anterior and posterior dorsal fins in two species of freely swimming sharks: bamboo sharks ( Chiloscyllium...
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (2011) 214 (3): 382–393.
Published: 1 February 2011
...P. Henningsson; A. Hedenström SUMMARY Gliding flight performance and wake topology of a common swift ( Apus apus L.) were examined in a wind tunnel at speeds between 7 and 11 m s –1 . The tunnel was tilted to simulate descending flight at different sink speeds. The swift varied its wingspan, wing...
Journal Articles
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (2008) 211 (18): 2909–2918.
Published: 15 September 2008
...L. Christoffer Johansson; Marta Wolf; Rhea von Busse; York Winter; Geoffrey R. Spedding; Anders Hedenström SUMMARY The wake structures of a bat in flight have a number of characteristics not associated with any of the bird species studied to this point. Unique features include discrete vortex...
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (2008) 211 (16): 2669–2677.
Published: 15 August 2008
...Jifeng Peng; John O. Dabiri SUMMARY The interaction between swimming and flying animals and their fluid environments generates downstream wake structures such as vortices. In most studies, the upstream flow in front of the animal is neglected. In this study,we demonstrate the existence of upstream...
Includes: Multimedia, Supplementary data
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (2008) 211 (5): 717–730.
Published: 1 March 2008
... filming and the wake of the bird was visualized by digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV). Certain flight characteristics of the swift differ from those of previously studied species. As the flight speed increases, the angular velocity of the wingbeat remains constant, and so as the wingbeat amplitude...
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (2008) 211 (2): 280–287.
Published: 15 January 2008
...Jifeng Peng; John O. Dabiri SUMMARY The fluid dynamic analysis of animal wakes is becoming increasingly popular in studies of animal swimming and flying, due in part to the development of quantitative flow visualization techniques such as digital particle imaging velocimetry (DPIV). In most studies...
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (2007) 210 (24): 4379–4389.
Published: 15 December 2007
...±1.3°, N =41). It is helpful for the carp to maximize the torque so as to improve the turning efficiency. In stage 1, the impulsive moment obtained from the beat of the body and tail and the mean angular momentum of the carp show an agreement in magnitude. Two types of flow patterns in the wake...
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (2007) 210 (18): 3135–3146.
Published: 15 September 2007
.... Csicsáky, M. J. ( 1977 ). Body-gliding in the zebra finch. Fortschr. Zool. 24 , 275 -286. Dabiri, J. O. ( 2005 ). On the estimation of swimming and flying forces from wake measurements. J. Exp. Biol. 208 , 3519 -3532. Dejong, M. J. ( 1983 ). Bounding flight in birds . PhD thesis...
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (2007) 210 (12): 2181–2191.
Published: 15 June 2007
... chain, but only one vortex ring is generated in half tail-beat mode. The wake morphologies, such as momentum angle and jet angle, also show much difference between the two modes. In the burst phase,the kinematic data and the impulse obtained from the wake are linked to obtain the drag coefficient ( C d...
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (2006) 209 (11): 2025–2033.
Published: 1 June 2006
...-mail: [email protected] ) 27 3 2006 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2006 2006 locomotion wake vortices jellyfish Nemopsis bachei Pulsatile jet propulsion is one of the earliest known forms of aquatic locomotion exhibited by animals. Using a simple action-reaction principle...
Includes: Multimedia, Supplementary data
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (2005) 208 (18): 3519–3532.
Published: 15 September 2005
...John O. Dabiri SUMMARY The transfer of momentum from an animal to fluid in its wake is fundamental to many swimming and flying modes of locomotion. Hence, properties of the wake are commonly studied in experiments to infer the magnitude and direction of locomotive forces. The determination of which...
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (2004) 207 (26): 4707–4726.
Published: 15 December 2004
...Will J. Maybury; Fritz-Olaf Lehmann SUMMARY Insects flying with two pairs of wings must contend with the forewing wake passing over the beating hindwing. Some four-winged insects, such as dragonflies, move each wing independently and therefore may alter the relative timing between the fore...
Journal Articles
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (2000) 203 (7): 1193–1200.
Published: 1 April 2000
...Wolf Hanke; Christoph Brücker; Horst Bleckmann ABSTRACT Wakes caused by swimming goldfish ( Carassius auratus ) were measured with a particle image velocimetry system and analyzed using a cross-correlation technique. Particle velocities in a horizontal plane (size of measuring plane 24 cm×32 cm...
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (1999) 202 (23): 3423–3430.
Published: 1 December 1999
... relative to the mean path of motion. This, in turn, determines whether and how the body vortex interacts with the tail vortex. The shape of the wake and the contribution of the body to thrust depend on this interaction between body vortex and tail vortex. So far, we have been able to describe two types...
Journal Articles
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (1987) 127 (1): 59–78.
Published: 1 January 1987
...G. R. Spedding ABSTRACT The structure of the wake behind a kestrel in medium-speed flight down a 36 m length of corridor was analysed qualitatively and quantitatively by stereophoto grammetry of multiple flash photographs of the motion of small soap-covered helium bubbles. The wake consists...
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (1987) 127 (1): 45–57.
Published: 1 January 1987
...G. R. Spedding ABSTRACT The wake of a kestrel gliding down a 36 m long corridor was examined using multiple-flash stereo photographs of small bubbles of helium in soap solution. Qualitatively and quantitatively, the wake is very similar to that which would be measured behind an elliptically loaded...
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (1986) 125 (1): 287–307.
Published: 1 September 1986
...G. R. Spedding ABSTRACT The wake of a jackdaw in slow forward flight is described. The three-dimensional velocity field was investigated qualitatively and quantitatively by analysis of multiple-flash stereophotographs of the motion of neutrally buoyant helium bubbles. The best description...