... vortex method hydrodynamic interference quasi-steady analysis flight The ‘fling’ mechanism was discovered by Weis-Fogh (1973) through observing the flight of the wasp Encarsia formosa . The mechanism was paid increasing attention because a much larger force than the quasi-steady-state value...

...Shigeru Sunada; Keiji Kawachi; Isao Watanabe; Akira Azuma ABSTRACT The flight of a butterfly, Pieris melete , was observed in the take-off phase and was analyzed theoretically from aerodynamic and kinetic viewpoints. A vortex method, which was recently developed by the present authors, was used...