...Paul L. Else ABSTRACT The thermal dependence (0–40°C) of Na + flux in isolated liver cells of three endotherms (mice, rat and rabbit) was compared with that of ectotherms in the form of a thermally tolerant amphibian (cane toad), a cold-water fish (rainbow trout) and a thermophilic reptile (lizard...

...A. Kristopher Lappin; Jenna A. Monroy; Jason Q. Pilarski; Eric D. Zepnewski; David J. Pierotti; Kiisa C. Nishikawa SUMMARY Ballistic tongue projection in toads is a remarkably fast and powerful movement. The goals of this study were to: (1) quantify in vivo power output and activity...

...Arne L. Viborg; Tobias Wang; Stanley D. Hillyard SUMMARY Blood cell flux (BCF) in the pelvic skin of Bufo marinus was lower than Bufo alvarius when toads rehydrated from deionised water (DI) or 50 mmol l –1 NaCl (NaCl). Despite the lower BCF in B. marinus , water absorption was not different...

... of this recovery are far from understood, especially in those species in which excitation–contraction coupling differs from that of the mammalian heart. The main goal of the present experiments was to obtain a better understanding of these mechanisms in the toad heart. Hypercapnic acidosis,induced by switching...

...Timothy K. Baker; Karina Rios; Stanley D. Hillyard SUMMARY The dorsal lingual epithelium from the tongue of the toad Bufo marinus was mounted in an Ussing-type chamber, and the short-circuit current ( I sc ) was measured using a low-noise voltage clamp. With NaCl Ringer bathing the mucosal...

...Nadja Møbjerg; Erik Hviid Larsen; Ivana Novak SUMMARY We studied the mechanisms of K + transport in cells from isolated and perfused collecting tubules and ducts from the mesonephric kidney of the toad Bufo bufo . Cells were impaled with microelectrodes across the basal cell membrane...

... strain and activity using sonomicrometry and electromyography, respectively, during jumping and swimming in the toad Bufo marinus . We measured strain and electromyographic (EMG) activity in four hindlimb muscles: the semimembranosus, a hip extensor; the plantaris, an ankle extensor; and the gluteus...

...A. Rozman; S. Gabbay; U. Katz ABSTRACT The anionic conductance across toad ( Bufo viridis ) skin was studied using the voltage-clamp technique following long-term (more than 10 days) acclimation to NaCl and KCl solutions. The non-specific baseline conductance was approximately 0.6 mS cm −2...

...A. K. Gamperl; W. K. Milsom; A. P. Farrell; T. Wang ABSTRACT Central vascular blood flows and ventilation were measured in conscious toads ( Bufo marinus ) at 15 and 25 °C. The animals were exposed to hypoxia ( and 0.05, where is the fractional oxygen concentration of inspired air) at both...

... 1998 model calculation mitochondria-rich cell amphibian skin Cl − conductance toad Bufo viridis Transepithelial Cl − uptake across amphibian skin occurs through a highly specific, voltage-sensitive pathway which is evidently not localized to the Na + -transporting principal...

... regulation in the conscious toad Bufo marinus using the angiotensin-converting enzyme blocker captopril. We found that conversion of endogenous ANG I to ANG II made a significant contribution to mean arterial pressure in undisturbed animals. The vascular tone contributed by ANG II was not mediated via alpha...

... throughout the hypoxia and demonstrated an overshoot phenomena with the onset of reoxygenation. If demand is in the normal range at the onset of hypoxia, the hearts intrinsically reduce demand either by reducing pressure development or by conversion to intermittent beating. Toad hearts appear...

...J. M. Jones; A. K. Gamperl; A. P. Farrell; D. P. Toews ABSTRACT Flow from the posterior lymph hearts of Bufo marinus was measured using Doppler flow probes. These probes were placed on the posterior vertebral vein and recorded flow as lymph was ejected from the heart. In resting, hydrated toads...

... capillaries. Previous studies have shown that lung atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) may have an important physiological function in preventing edema in mammals. In this study, we report the presence of the complete ANF system in the lungs of the toad Bufo paracnemis . Radioimmunoassay of tissue homogenates...

... primarily on saltation. We tested the hypothesis of co-adaptation of gait and aerobic metabolism by investigating the locomotor energetics of Bufo boreas halophilus , a toad that walks, but does not hop. Rates of oxygen consumption during locomotion were measured in an enclosed variable-speed treadmill...

... compartment contributes to the temperature-related changes in CO 2 stores. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the intracellular fluid compartment contributes to the changes in CO 2 stores in undisturbed resting cane toads. Increasing body temperature from 10 to 30°C temporarily elevated RE...

... and resistance. 01 09 1993 © 1994 by Company of Biologists 1994 cardiac output carotid aorta pulmocutaneous arch toad Bufo marinus We performed the experiments on 11 B. marinus , with a mean mass of 390±16 g, obtained from a commercial supplier in the USA. The toads were...

...Karin Von Seckendorff Hoff; Stanley D. Hillyard ABSTRACT Amphibians do not normally ingest water orally. Rather, they obtain water by osmotic flow across their skin ( Bentley and Yorio, 1979 ). Previous studies of the desert toad, Bufo punctatus , showed that dehydrated animals placed on a surface...

...R. Krattenmacher; Rosita Voigt; M. Heinz; W. Clauss ABSTRACT Electrogenic ion transport through the colon epithelium of the African clawed toad (Xenopus laevis) was investigated with electrophysiological methods in vitro . Interest was focused on a previously described phenomenon, that removal...

...G. P. Courtice ABSTRACT The effect of temperature on the action of the vagus nerve on the heart was studied in the toad Bufo marinus . Experiments were performed on two groups of toads, in one the heart was perfused at a constant rate with oxygenated Ringer’s solution and in the other...