...D. M. Woolley; G. G. Vernon ABSTRACT When the spermatozoon of Echinus esculentus swims in sea water containing methyl cellulose (viscosity 1.5–4 Pa s), its flagellum may generate either a helical or a planar waveform, each type being stable. The helical wave, which is dextral, is complicated...

... spermatozoon flagellum motility dynein caged ATP axoneme bend initiation bend propagation microtubule sliding presteady-state kinetics viscous load Anthocidaris crassispina Bending in eukaryotic flagella results from active sliding between axonemal microtubules caused by the force exerted...

...Sumio Ishijima; Miyako S. Hamaguchi; Masakazu Naruse; Sanae A. Ishijima; Yukihisa Hamaguchi ABSTRACT The rotational movement of a spermatozoon around its longitudinal axis was investigated by two methods: by observing a spermatozoon attached vertically to a coverslip by the tip of its head...

...Miyako S. Hamaguchi; Sumio Ishijima; Yukihisa Hamaguchi; Yukio Hiramoto * Present address: University of the Air, Wakaba, Chiba 260, Japan. 24 6 1991 © 1991 by Company of Biologists 1991 double-focusing spermatozoon spiral movement three-dimensional information...