... detection. Summary: Tactile sensitivity of the feet and tail in a species of lizard changes in response to tail loss and regeneration. Mechanoreceptor Monofilament Skin Reptile Autotomy Adaptability in posture-gait control, body orientation and verticality is achieved using afferents...

... into the migratory phenotype. This was evidenced by post-mortem comparison of the expression of 13 genes with known functions in the skin (temperature-sensitive TRP channels: trpv4 and trpm8 ), hypothalamus and/or midbrain (migration-linked genes: th , ddc , adcyap1 and vps13a ) and flight muscles (muscle growth...

... loss at thermoneutral temperatures and increases slightly as ambient temperature increases, indicating a change in the permeability of the skin. In the stratum corneum (SC), the outermost layer of the skin, lipids arranged in layers called lamellae serve as the primary barrier to CWL in birds...

... skeleton forward relative to both the ventral skin and the ground during the propulsive phase. The CCS was active during sliding contact with the ground as it shortened and pulled the skin forward relative to both the skeleton and the ground during the recovery phase. The IS shortened the ventral skin...

... regenerate tissues after full-thickness skin wounds to the body, transections of the optic nerve and even lesions to parts of the brain. Current investigations are advancing our understanding of the biological requirements for successful tissue and organ repair, with obvious implications for biomedical...

...Philipp Comanns; Philip C. Withers; Falk J. Esser; Werner Baumgartner ABSTRACT Moisture-harvesting lizards, such as the Australian thorny devil, Moloch horridus , have the remarkable ability to inhabit arid regions. Special skin structures, comprising a micro-structured surface with capillary...

... ) Competing interests The authors declare no competing or financial interests. 14 5 2015 27 7 2015 © 2015. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2015 Highlighted Article: Lipid composition changes with depth in the avian skin, but these changes vary by season. This seasonal...

...Alexandra C. N. Kingston; Alan M. Kuzirian; Roger T. Hanlon; Thomas W. Cronin ABSTRACT Cephalopod mollusks are renowned for their colorful and dynamic body patterns, produced by an assemblage of skin components that interact with light. These may include iridophores, leucophores, chromatophores...

...Phuong Bui; Scott P. Kelly Expression profiles of claudin-6, -10d and - 10e in the euryhaline teleost fish Tetraodon nigroviridis revealed claudin-6 in brain, eye, gill and skin tissue, while claudin-10d and - 10e were found in brain, gill and skin only. In fishes, the gill and skin are important...

... bilayer. Brevinin-1SY transcripts were detected in tadpoles and were significantly increased during the later stages of development. Effects of environmental stress (24 h anoxia, 40% dehydration or 24 h frozen) on the mRNA levels of brevinin-1SY in the dorsal and ventral skin were examined. The brevinin...

...Stanley D. Hillyard; Niels J. Willumsen; Mario B. Marrero SUMMARY Cell-attached patches from isolated epithelial cells from larval bullfrog skin revealed a cation channel that was activated by applying suction (−1 kPa to −4.5 kPa) to the pipette. Activation was characterized by an initial large...

... investigation of Rh proteins in fish are highlighted: their involvement in the mechanism of ammonia excretion across the gills in seawater fish, their possible importance in ammonia excretion across the skin, their potential dual role as CO 2 transporters,their responses to feeding, and their roles in early...

...H. B. Lillywhite; J. G. Menon; G. K. Menon; C. M. Sheehy, 3rd; M. C. Tu SUMMARY Evolutionary transitions between different environmental media such as air and water pose special problems with respect to skin permeability because of the dramatic changes in the driving gradients and nature of water...

... muscle and skin. Upon re-immersion in water after 33 days of air exposure(`terrestrialization'), lungfish exhibited a massive rise in urea-N excretion which peaked at 12–30 h with rates of 2000–5000 μmol-N kg –1 h –1 (versus normal aquatic rates of<130 μmol-N kg –1 h –1 ) and persisted until 70 h...

... rainbow trout tissues responded to high environmental ammonia. To determine whether or not Rh proteins may also be involved in CO 2 transport in rainbow trout,we examined the effects of a 12 h exposure to external hypercapnia (1%CO 2 in air) on Rh mRNA expression in the gill, skin and erythrocytes...

...Liisa M. Peltonen; Satu Mänttäri SUMMARY Previous findings in pigeons and chickens show that Ca 2+ may be accumulated inside the cornified skin cells and that Ca 2+ microenvironments with a lower- or higher-than-blood concentration may exist in the skin. It has been suggested that the skin may...

... transmembrane domains. RhBG , RhCG1 and RhCG2 are highly expressed in gill tissue, with RhBG also present in skin of K. marmoratus . Exposure to elevated environmental ammonia (2 mmol l –1 NH 4 HCO 3 ) for 5 days resulted in a modest (+37%) increase in whole-body ammonia levels, whereas gill RhCG2 and skin...

..., and directional stimuli across the skin. Receptive fields were small, sometimes restricted to single Eimer's organs. Responses were consistent with a slowly adapting Merkel cell-neurite complex-like receptor class and a dynamically sensitive Pacinian-like rapidly adapting class. A second rapidly adapting class...

...Makoto Kubota; Takahiro Hasegawa; Takashi Nakakura; Haruna Tanii; Masakazu Suzuki; Shigeyasu Tanaka SUMMARY A new toad aquaporin (AQP) cDNA was cloned from a cDNA library constructed from the ventral skin of Xenopus laevis . This AQP ( Xenopus AQP-x5) consisted of 273 amino acid residues...

...A. F. Mazon; B. M. L. Verburg-van Kemenade; G. Flik; M. O. Huising SUMMARY We established that corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), CRH-binding protein (CRH-BP) and CRH-receptor 1 (CRH-R1) are expressed in the gills and skin of common carp Cyprinus carpio , an early vertebrate. Immunoreactive CRH...