...Jarrod C. Petersen; Thomas J. Roberts Many animals use a combination of skeletal muscle and elastic structures to amplify power output for fast motions. Among vertebrates, tendons in series with skeletal muscle are often implicated as the primary power-amplifying spring, but muscles contain elastic...

... al., 1994 ), and divided by the product of muscle fiber length ( L f ) and the density of mammalian skeletal muscle (1.06 g cm −3 ; Sacks and Roy, 1982 ). Brynnel et al. (2018) reported that fiber and muscle lengths ( L f ) were ∼13.5% longer in Ttn Δ112-158 muscles. However, the fiber length...

... behavior even when levels of testosterone are low in the bloodstream. One idea is that select tissues make their own androgens from scratch to support behavioral performance. We first studied this phenomenon in the skeletal muscles that actuate elaborate sociosexual displays in downy woodpeckers and two...

... remains unchanged. Passive force Skeletal muscle Rat Laser diffraction Medial gastrocnemius Sarcomerogenesis Ageing Elderly Muscle architecture In old age, there is a loss of muscle mass and alterations to the structural components of the neuromuscular system, impairing contractile...

...Shen-Hui Xu; Wei-Wei Fu; Jie Zhang; Hui-Ping Wang; Kai Dang; Hui Chang; Yun-Fang Gao ABSTRACT We previously showed that different skeletal muscles in Daurian ground squirrels ( Spermophilus dauricus ) possess different antioxidant strategies during hibernation; however, the reason for these varied...

... is less abundant in the skeletal muscles of FVB/N mice than in the C57BL/6J strain. The expression of Ca 2+ transporters in the mitochondrial membranes was also lower in FVB/N than in C57BL/6J mice. Similarly, electron transport chain proteins in the mitochondria were less abundant in FVB/N mice, which...

... by skeletal muscle during locomotion, results in significant unidirectional flow of CSF ( Olstad et al., 2019 ). With the evolution of tetrapods, some of the axial musculature that originally functioned in locomotion evolved into ventilatory systems ( Boggs, 2002 ; Perry et al., 2010 ). Although only studied...

... increases net power. Pectoralis major Work loop Skeletal muscle Bird flight Flying animals routinely perform locomotor behaviors that require adjustments to the aerodynamic force they produce. Behaviors such as accelerating and decelerating, maneuvering, changing altitude or carrying...

... 2020 http://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/ Summary: Adding mass to rat plantaris muscle decreases mechanical work per cycle during cyclic contractions. Cyclic contractions Inertia Muscle mass Muscle mechanics Mechanical work Skeletal muscle The behaviour of whole...

... cascade Phenotypic plasticity Skeletal muscle Phenotypic plasticity is the ability of an organism with a given genotype to express environmentally mediated alternative phenotypes ( Travis, 1994 ; West-Eberhard, 2003 ). Alternative phenotypes can occur in response to different developmental...

... (muscular dystrophy with myositis) soleus muscles. Skeletal muscles from mdm mice have a small deletion in the N2A region of titin and show no increase in titin stiffness during active stretch. We found that: (1) force enhancement and depression were reduced in mdm soleus compared with wild-type muscles...

...Scott Medler ABSTRACT Skeletal muscle fibers are classified according to the myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms and other myofibrillar proteins expressed within these cells. In addition to ‘pure’ fibers expressing single MHC isoforms, many fibers are ‘hybrids’ that co-express two or more different...

... that terrestrial exercise improves locomotion in amphibious fishes out of water as a result of skeletal muscle remodeling. We compared the jumping performance of Kryptolebias marmoratus before and after an exercise training regimen, and assessed the muscle phenotype of control and exercise-trained fish. We found...

... relative telomere length (RTL) in DNA extracted from liver, heart, skeletal muscle (SM) and BAT of 45 juvenile and adult animals sampled either at mid- or late hibernation. Age did not have a significant effect on RTL in any tissue. At mid-hibernation, RTL of juvenile females was longer in BAT and SM than...

....fr ) Competing interests The authors declare no competing or financial interests. 12 11 2018 22 1 2019 © 2019. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2019 http://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/ Summary: In ducklings, skeletal muscle mitochondrial ROS...

.... To study this issue, we examined gene expression profiles in select skeletal muscles that actuate woodpecker drum displays. This remarkable whole-body signal is produced when individuals rapidly hammer their bill against trees. We found that, compared with muscles that play no part in producing...

... of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system – an endocrine pathway downstream of growth hormone (GH). Skeletal muscle is the main target for growth and energetic storage in fish, yet little is known about how its growth is regulated during an immune response. We addressed this knowledge gap by characterising...

... activity during routine swimming. References Acevedo , L. M. and Rivero , J.-L. L. ( 2006 ). New insights into skeletal muscle fibre types in the dog with particular focus towards hybrid myosin phenotypes . Cell Tissue Res.   323 , 283 - 303 . 10.1007/s00441-005-0057-4 Agüera...

... and spontaneous physical activity in a genotype-dependent manner . Behav. Processes   135 , 56 - 65 . 10.1016/j.beproc.2016.11.018 Allen , D. L. , Harrison , B. C. , Maass , A. , Bell , M. L. , Byrnes , W. C. and Leinwand , L. A. ( 2001 ). Cardiac and skeletal muscle...

...Oliver Baum; Carole Sollberger; Andrea Raaflaub; Adolfo Odriozola; Gunnar Spohr; Sebastian Frese; Stefan A. Tschanz ABSTRACT To work out which microvascular remodeling processes occur in murine skeletal muscle during endurance exercise, we subjected C57BL/6 mice to voluntary running wheel training...