...) are found across protostomes, insect odorant receptors (ORs) have only been identified in winged insects. We therefore hypothesized that the unique signal transduction of ORs offers an advantage for odour localization in flight. Using Drosophila , we found expression and increased activity...

... signal transduction mechanisms to respond with effective prey capture and predator evasion behaviors. However, the sensory biology of alveolate grazers is poorly understood. Using novel techniques that combine electrophysiological measurements and high-speed videomicroscopy, we investigated the sensory...

.... * These authors contributed equally to this work † Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) 2 8 2012 24 9 2012 © 2013. 2013 insulin insulin-like growth factor mosquito aging signal transduction Malaria is responsible for a quarter of all deaths from infectious...

... the reception of exogenous signals and subsequent endogenous signal transduction. To investigate the involvement of nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic GMP (cGMP) during larval settlement of B. amphitrite , we examined the effects of an NO donor and an NO scavenger, two nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors...

... phagocytes by acting through κ-opioid receptors that are coupled with the AC–cAMP–PKA signal transduction mechanism. * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) 19 9 2011 © 2011. 2011 dynorphin phagocytosis opioid receptor signal transduction Dynorphins...

..., A., Hoogerwerf, W. A.,Rhee, S. G., Donowitz, M. and Cohen, M. E. ( 1996 ). Asymmetric signal transduction in polarized ileal Na + absorbing cells:carbachol activates brush border but not basolateral membrane PIP2-PLC and translocates PLC gamma 1 only to the brush border. Biochem. J. 313 , 509 -518...

... temperature. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 11 7 2007 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2007 2007 cold stress diapause signal transduction MAP kinase phosphorylation In addition to the cold hardening mechanisms exploited by overwintering...

... in the hypometabolic state. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 15 1 2007 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2007 2007 metabolic rate depression anoxia tolerance hibernation reversible protein phosphorylation signal transduction stress-induced gene...

... amphibian heart Rana ridibunda signal transduction Mammalian cardiac muscle is an obligate aerobic organ and under anaerobic conditions cannot produce enough energy to maintain essential cellular processes; thus, a constant supply of oxygen is indispensable for sustaining cardiac function...

... synthesis rates( Fuller et al., 1989 ; Gaitanaki et al., 1990 ),transport of proteins to certain organelles( Khaled et al., 1999 ) and programmed cell death ( Lagadic-Gossmann et al., 2004 ). The above-mentioned physiological changes can be affected through the process of signal transduction. Among...

... in combination with cadmium showed a synergistic effect on pHi and PK. These responses seem to be blocked by propranolol, metoprolol and prazosin. Our findings suggest a hormone-like effect of cadmium on digestive gland cells. The signal transduction pathway induced by cadmium involves the stimulation of PK, PKC...

... ). Molecular and cellular mechanisms of myocardial stunning. Physiol. Rev. 79 , 609 -634. Cicconi, S., Ventura, N., Pastore, D., Bonini, P., DiNardo, P.,Lauro, R. and Marlier, L. N. J. L. ( 2003 ). Characterization of apoptosis signal transduction pathways in HL-5 cardiomyocytes exposed to ischaemia...

... to be responsible for enhanced signal transduction. Instead we demonstrate that the function of membrane localization is to increase the number (or average lifetime) of complexes between signaling partners. A hallmark of signaling pathways is the spatial separation of activation and deactivation mechanisms; e.g...

... major roles in the regulation of intracellular metabolism and gene expression and integral actions in many areas including growth and development, disease, apoptosis and cellular responses to external stresses. To date, this cellular signal transduction network has received relatively little attention...

...Kennedy S. Wekesa; Stephanie Miller; Audrey Napier SUMMARY Social behaviors of most mammals are profoundly affected by pheromones. Pheromones are detected by G-protein coupled receptors in the vomeronasal organ (VNO). To investigate the role of Gα q/11 in vomeronasal signal transduction pathways...

... complexes, the high level of 14-3-3.a expression in gill epithelium of the euryhaline teleost F. heteroclitus suggests that it is crucial for signal transduction in gill epithelial cells. We provide evidence that 14-3-3.a is involved in osmosensory signal transduction by showing that its mRNA and protein...

... Paramecium tetraurelia GPI anchor signal transduction folate There is a growing awareness that many surface membrane proteins are peripheral proteins, tethered to the membrane by a glycophosphatidylinositol(GPI) anchor (Lisanti et al.,1990 ; Cross,1990 ). These surface proteins serve many diverse...

... their phenotype or, if their tolerance threshold is exceeded, by initiating programmed cell death. To understand how cells achieve these different types of adaptive response to osmotic stress, it is necessary to identify the key elements of osmosensory signal transduction and to analyze the complex networks...