... the behavioral changes that vertebrate animals experience following infection. We then compare and contrast the physiological mechanisms responsible for generating these sickness behaviors across different taxa. Bacteria Parasite Pathogen Infection Diseases Sickness behavior Fever Cytokines...

...' Choice: Appetite loss during illness occurs in all animals. It may be an important protection against food toxins. Mobilizing immune defense depresses the ability to detoxify food (as shown in caterpillars). Illness-induced anorexia Psychoneuroimmunology Sickness behavior Ecoimmunology...

... and humoral immunity, while neglecting behavioral responses to infection. These behavioral strategies are collectively termed sickness behaviors and are hypothesized to divert energy away from normal activities to combat and overcome infection. Sickness behavior can be triggered experimentally by injecting...