... to investigate traits associated with starvation resistance. While control populations only live a few days without food, selection for starvation resistance results in populations that can survive weeks. We have previously shown that selection for starvation resistance results in increased sleep and reduced...

...Bianca F. Menezes; Judit Salces-Ortiz; Heloïse Muller; Nelly Burlet; Sonia Martinez; Marie Fablet; Cristina Vieira ABSTRACT Phenotypic variance is attributed to genetic and non-genetic factors, and only the former are presumed to be inherited and thus suitable for the action of selection. Although...

...Amanda K. Pettersen; Dustin J. Marshall; Craig R. White ABSTRACT Metabolic rate reflects an organism's capacity for growth, maintenance and reproduction, and is likely to be a target of selection. Physiologists have long sought to understand the causes and consequences of within-individual to among...

.... W. ( 2004 ). Temperature, growth rate, and body size in ectotherms: fitting pieces of a life-history puzzle . Integr. Comp. Biol.   44 , 498 - 509 . 10.1093/icb/44.6.498 Arnold , S. J. and Wade , M. J. ( 1984 ). On the measurement of natural and sexual selection...

... in the reference list. The authors apologize for any omissions. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: miknik@utu.fi ) 12 3 2007 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2007 2007 evolution genomics natural populations QTL mapping selection Evolutionary response to natural selection...

...Shailesh Kumar; Dhanya Kumar; Dhanashree A. Paranjpe; Akarsh C. R.; Vijay Kumar Sharma SUMMARY To investigate whether circadian clocks in fruit flies Drosophila melanogaster evolve as a consequence of selection on the timing of adult emergence, we raised four replicate populations each of early...

... 2004 2004 Drosophila melanogaster tracheae hypoxia hyperoxia selection hypertrophy Oxygen plays a pivotal role in the development of circulatory and respiratory organs from animals of diverse taxa. For example, vertebrates and invertebrates adapt to hypoxic environments by altering...

... intermittency has evolved in lines of house mice ( Mus domesticus ) that have been selectively bred for high voluntary wheel-running (wheel diameter 1.12 m) activity. After 23 generations, female mice from four replicate selection lines ran 2.7 times more revolutions per day than individuals from four random...

...Allen G. Gibbs ABSTRACT An increasingly popular experimental approach in comparative physiology is to study the evolution of physiological traits in the laboratory, using microbial, invertebrate and vertebrate models. Because selective conditions are well-defined, selected populations can...

...John G. Swallow; Pawel Koteja; Patrick A. Carter; Theodore Garland, Jr ABSTRACT To test the hypothesis that body size and activity levels are negatively genetically correlated, we conducted an artificial selection experiment for increased voluntary wheel-running activity in house mice ( Mus...

...Adrienne E. Williams; Michael R. Rose; Timothy J. Bradley ABSTRACT We conducted concurrent measurements of rates of CO 2 and H 2 O release from individual fruit flies Drosophila melanogaster taken from populations subjected to three different selective regimes: (1) populations selected...

...Adrienne E. Williams; Michael R. Rose; Timothy J. Bradley ABSTRACT We used laboratory natural selection on insects as a means of investigating the role of patterns of gas exchange in desiccation resistance. We used 15 populations of Drosophila melanogaster : five selected for desiccation resistance...