... by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2014 Epiphyte Host Soranthera ulvoidea Odonthalia floccosa Biomechanics Drag Seaweed Algae Intertidal The rocky intertidal zone is one of the most hydrodynamically stressful environments on Earth. Organisms in this habitat must resist wave forces greater...

... no effect of season(ANCOVA: season × log N breakage , F 2,123 =0.73, P =0.48; season, F 2,123 =0.88, P =0.42). e-mail: [email protected] 15 1 2009 fatigue crack initiation crack growth breakage life history phases endophytes Mazzaella macroalgae seaweed...

...Katharine J. Mach; Drew V. Nelson; Mark W. Denny SUMMARY Biomechanical analyses of intertidal and shallow subtidal seaweeds have elucidated ways in which these organisms avoid breakage in the presence of exceptional hydrodynamic forces imposed by pounding surf. However, comparison of algal material...

... to 0.28 mm, the average a o for M. flaccida and U. expansa combined. fracture mechanics macroalgae seaweed fatigue breakage As sessile organisms, intertidal macroalgae experience the full brunt of wave-induced water velocities, which in breaking waves commonly exceed 10 m s -1...

... ecology seaweed The flexibility of macroalgae is central to their ability to survive and sometimes dominate the landscape in the harsh hydrodynamic conditions of the wave-swept rocky intertidal zone ( Koehl,1984 ; Koehl, 1986 ; Koehl, 1996 ; Holbrook et al., 1991 ; Gaylord, 2000 ; Denny...

... © The Company of Biologists Limited 2006 2006 flexural stiffness buoyancy seaweed Turbinaria ornate hydrodynamic force relative velocity. For many marine benthic organisms an upright posture in the water column is important for performance. An upright posture exposes...

... 2006 2006 biomechanics ecology seaweed Chondrus crispus The distribution and abundance of rocky shore intertidal organisms are partly determined by damage and dislodgement caused by the hydrodynamic forces created by breaking waves ( Dayton,1971 ; Menge, 1976 ; Paine and Levin...

... for the amelioration of brief loads. We find that, although these explanations contain kernels of validity and are accurate for a subset of conditions, they are not as general as has often been assumed. This conclusion resurrects the question of how weaker organisms such as seaweeds do, in fact, manage to survive...