... (force enhancement) and decreases after active shortening (force depression). In addition to cross-bridges, titin has been suggested to contribute to force enhancement and depression. Although titin is too compliant in passive muscles to contribute to active tension at short sarcomere lengths...

...Shawn M. O'Connor; Elton J. Cheng; Kevin W. Young; Samuel R. Ward; Richard L. Lieber ABSTRACT Laser diffraction (LD) is a valuable tool for measuring sarcomere length (L s), a major determinant of muscle function. However, this method relies on few measurements per sample that are often...

...? J. Biomech. 31 , 1093 -1099. Gordon, A. M., Huxley, A. F. and Julian, F. J. (1966). The variation in isometric tension with sarcomere length in vertebrate muscle fibres. J. Physiol. 184 , 170 -192. Herzog, W. (1998). History dependence of force production in skeletal muscle: a proposal...

... other than sarcomere length non-uniformity alone are operative. * e-mail: [email protected] 6 2 2002 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2002 2002 skeletal muscle force enhancement sarcomere length passive elastic element mechanism of contraction...

... fibre size fibre type sarcomere length capillary orientation anisotropy capillary-to-fibre ratio mitochondria lipid Understanding the effects of chronic exposure to cold on muscle structure is important to the study of muscle adaptation to altitude, since cold environments often accompany...

... in sarcomere length per degree joint angle rotation (i.e. d SL /dω) was measured as the wrist was moved from neutral to full flexion in both the extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) and extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) muscles. Sarcomere length change per degree rotation was approximately twice as great...

... in muscle stiffness and the increase in net energy loss over this range of lengths. The physiological significance of the length–work relationship is considered and the mechanical properties of active and passive papillary muscles are discussed with reference to sarcomere length and cardiac muscle...

...Rob S. James; Iain S. Young; John D. Altringham ABSTRACT The errors likely to result from using excised rigor muscles to determine in vivo sarcomere length ranges were calculated for mouse extensor digitorum longus muscle (EDL). This muscle was chosen because its very long tendon makes...

... frequency ranges just below, or at, those yielding maximal power. Soleus and EDL produced maximal power output in vitro when operating at mean sarcomere lengths of 2.58 μ m and 2.71 μ m respectively. These lengths are slightly above the plateau of the length–force curve predicted for rat leg muscle (2.3–2.5...

...Lawrence C. Rome; Roel P. Funke; R. Mcneill Alexander ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate how fish locomote at different muscle temperatures. Sarcomere length excursion and muscle shortening velocity, V, were determined from high-speed motion pictures of carp, Cyprinus carpio (11–14cm...