... by The Company of Biologists 2025 http://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/ Shoulder Elbow Mammal Reptile Range-of-motion Division of Environmental Biology http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000155 1754459 FAS Division of Science, Harvard University http://dx.doi.org/10.13039...

... desiccation. Investigating and quantifying physiological implications of water shortage and dehydration can help us better understand the effects of drought and predict how wild populations of arid-adapted reptiles may respond to the predicted increase in frequency and severity of droughts. Table 1...

.... Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2024 https://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/ Summary: Snakes mount a robust glucocorticoid and hypoglycemic response to an immune challenge while coping with an emerging mycosis and during pregnancy. Corticosterone Reptile Glucose...

.../ Summary: The respiratory system of American alligators is well equipped to effectively eliminate CO 2 during intense physical activity, maintaining stable arterial P CO 2  levels without any signs of limitations in pulmonary CO 2 diffusion. Cardiovascular Reptile Crocodilian Ectotherm...

... restriction in green anole lizards shows increased allocation to liver and spleen, rather than muscle, likely for metabolic fuel and blood cell turnover. Activity Allocation Life history Locomotion Performance Reptile Trade-off A fundamental premise of life-history theory is that acquired...

... will be associated with a corresponding alteration in oxygen consumption and concurrent cardiovascular alterations in a reptile. A T b increase will trigger an increase in CO and G sys . A reduction in pulmonary compliance ( C pul ) through the relaxation of pulmonary arteries would be the expected...

... 2024 © 2024. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2024 https://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/ Summary: A high sugar diet has differential effects on components of the green iguana immune system and alters the gut microbiome. Immunity Immune challenge Reptile LPS...

... Incubation temperature Life history Sexual dimorphism Reptile Helge Ax:son Johnsons Stiftelse http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003788 F20-0401 F21-0269 Nilsson-Ehle Endowments Herbert & Karin Jacobssons Foundation Vetenskapsrådet http://dx.doi.org...

...Samanta Aparecida Castro; Cléo Alcantara Costa Leite; Tobias Wang ABSTRACT It is well established that arterial pH decreases with increased temperature in amphibians and reptiles through an elevation of arterial P CO 2 , but the underlying regulation remains controversial. The alphastat hypothesis...

...Stephen P. Mackessy ABSTRACT The venom glands of reptiles, particularly those of front-fanged advanced snakes, must satisfy conflicting biological demands: rapid synthesis of potentially labile and highly toxic proteins, storage in the gland lumen for long periods, stabilization of the stored...

... or financial interests. 29 12 2020 18 8 2021 © 2021. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2021 Summary: Snakes maintain fully functional blood pressure regulation during digestion despite the pronounced tachycardia associated with specific dynamic action (SDA). Reptile...

... between the left leaflet of sinoatrial valve and the posterior horn of the sinus venosus. Heart Reptile Acetylcholine Ionic currents Action potential Pacemaker Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011958 Russian Science Foundation http...

...Nicholas B. Sakich; Glenn J. Tattersall ABSTRACT Whether scales reduce cutaneous evaporative water loss in lepidosaur reptiles (Superorder Lepidosauria) such as lizards and snakes has been a contentious issue for nearly half a century. Furthermore, while many studies have looked at whether...

... dioxide solubility αO 2 plasma oxygen solubility Crocodilians are semiaquatic reptiles that dive to avoid predators or kill prey by drowning them (e.g. Campbell et al., 2010 ). The durations of voluntary dives have only been reported in a few species of crocodilians, but appear...

... cutaneous sensilla, with comments on function and phylogeny in the Carphodactylini (Reptilia: Gekkonidae) . Can. J. Zool. 66 , 1583 - 1588 . 10.1139/z88-231 Bellairs , A. and Bryant , S. V. ( 1985 ). Autotomy and regeneration in reptiles . In Biology of the Reptilia (ed. C...

... been made in elucidating the mechanisms of reptilian immunity. Here, I review recent discoveries associated with the recognition of pathogens, effector mechanisms and memory responses in reptiles. Moreover, I put forward key questions to drive the next 10 years of research, including how reptiles...

... and sampling date, with some evidence of a trade-off between reproductive effort and immune function with age. Immune function Reptile Senescence Aging Vertebrate aging is most commonly characterized by declining reproduction and survival with advancing age. Immunosenescence, age-related...

..., Clarias gariepinus ) it remains low across a range of exercise intensities ( Blasco et al., 2017 ; Iversen et al., 2010 ), whereas in sea raven ( Hemitripterus americanus ) it increases during enforced exercise ( Axelsson et al., 1989 ). In reptiles, there are few studies that have measured autonomic...

... - R537 . 10.1152/ajpregu.1992.262.3.R530 Churchill , T. A. and Storey , K. B. ( 1992b ). Responses to freezing exposure of hatchling turtles Trachemys scripta elegans: factors influencing the development of freeze tolerance by reptiles . J. Exp. Biol.   167 , 221 - 233...

... hypoxia. Developmental programming Phenotypic plasticity Crocodilian Reptile Hypoxia During the past two decades, exposure to different oxygen levels has been used to investigate the plasticity of the embryonic cardiovascular system in egg-laying species. Phenotypic changes have been...