... and CEWL before versus after treatment and tested whether change was different from zero or between treatment groups. Finally, we used additional LMs to assess the reproductive output of mothers relative to body size and hydration treatment. To test whether supplemental hydration of mothers prior...

...Wayne Wen-Yeu Wang; Natalie R. Page; Anthony M. Strickler; Alicia K. Kusaka; Alex R. Gunderson ABSTRACT The heat sensitivity of reproduction is a critical determinant of population persistence under climate change. However, the heat sensitivity of gametes has been much less studied relative...

...Victoria S. Farrar ABSTRACT Gonadal sex steroid hormones are well-studied modulators of reproductive physiology and behavior. Recent behavioral endocrinology research has focused on how the brain dynamically responds to – and may even produce – sex steroids, but the gonadal tissues that primarily...

... were up to 31% higher than for females after oviposition. However, at temperatures above 26°C, females achieved similar maximum running speeds (∼1.5 m s −1 ) regardless of reproductive stage. The magnitude of the changes in thermal parameters and locomotor performance of L. wiegmannii females...

...Gebrehaweria K. Reda; Sawadi F. Ndunguru; Brigitta Csernus; Gabriella Gulyás; Renáta Knop; Csaba Szabó; Levente Czeglédi; Ádám Z. Lendvai ABSTRACT Resources are needed for growth, reproduction and survival, and organisms must trade off limited resources among competing processes. Nutritional...

... of amphipod precopulatory mate guarding at night, but also increases pair separation during the day. Environmental change Maladaptation Pollution Precopulatory mate guarding Reproduction Trade-off Swedish Cultural Foundation in Finland http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100007247...

...Mattina M. Alonge; Lucas J. S. Greville; Xuehao Ma; Paul A. Faure; George E. Bentley ABSTRACT Animals face unpredictable challenges that require rapid, facultative physiological reactions to support survival but may compromise reproduction. Bats have a long-standing reputation for being highly...

...Samuel P. Caro; Ségolène Delaitre; Bruno Buatois; Francesco Bonadonna; Jessica L. Graham ABSTRACT Many organisms rely on environmental cues to predict and anticipate the annual optimal timing of reproduction. In insectivorous birds, preparation for breeding often coincides with the time vegetation...

...Anna Cressman; Etya Amsalem ABSTRACT Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is commonly used to immobilize insects and to induce reproduction in bees. However, despite its wide use and potential off-target impacts, its underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we used Bombus impatiens to examine...

...Victoria S. Farrar; Jaime Morales Gallardo; Rebecca M. Calisi ABSTRACT In the face of challenges, animals must balance investments in reproductive effort versus their own survival. Physiologically, this trade-off may be mediated by glucocorticoid release by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis...

...Tipsuda Thongbuakaew; Sirirak Mukem; Arada Chaiyamoon; Kanjana Khornchatri; Thanapong Kruangkum; Scott F. Cummins; Prasert Sobhon ABSTRACT Pyrokinins (PKs) are neuropeptides that have been found to regulate a variety of physiological activities including reproduction in various insect...

... of endogenous rhythms). Restricted food availability times may, for example, constrain reproductive output by limiting the number or quality of offspring or the number of reproductive attempts, as has been observed for nesting frequency in birds. Consuming food at the wrong time of day reduces the reproductive...

...Neelu Anand Jha; S. K. Tahajjul Taufique; Vinod Kumar ABSTRACT We investigated the consequence of no-night environment (constant light, LL) on reproductive performance in zebra finches in the parent (P) and subsequent (F1) generation. As a measure of the overall effects on metabolic reproductive...

... latitudes typically display annual cyclicity in their reproductive activity: births are synchronized when environmental conditions are most favorable. In a majority of these species, day length is the main proximate factor used to anticipate seasonal changes and to adapt physiology. The brain integrates...

... in the gonads in the first stages of gametogenesis, while the Cragi-CCAP precursor is upregulated in the VG in the last stages of gametogenesis. This suggests a role of the CCAP signaling system in the regulation of reproductive processes. A role in water and ionic regulation is also supported considering...

... involved. However, for the most part, evidence for costs of increased foraging and/or reproductive effort is weak. Furthermore, despite some experimental evidence demonstrating negative effects of increased foraging and parental effort, the physiological mechanisms underlying costs associated with high...

...Kang Nian Yap; Donald R. Powers; Melissa L. Vermette; Olivia Hsin-I. Tsai; Tony D. Williams ABSTRACT Free-living animals often engage in behaviour that involves high rates of workload and results in high daily energy expenditure (DEE), such as reproduction. However, the evidence for elevated DEE...

... and reproductive issues. This study investigated relationships between estimated body composition and metabolic function, inflammatory markers, ovarian activity (females only) and physical activity levels in 44 Asian elephants ( n =35 females, n =9 males). Deuterium dilution was used to measure total body water...

... on the survival and reproductive function of H. graminicola . Our study thus provides clear evidence that low plasticity with fast development to a certain size means a high nutritional requirement for protein at a cost of lower survival and prolonged time to egg laying when prey have low protein-to-lipid content...

... Reproduction Evolution Neural substrates Few decisions in life are more consequential for individual fitness than choosing a mate. Mate choice (see Glossary) is the result of selectively mating with only some individuals of the opposite sex, whose members compete for fertilization opportunities...