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Keywords: proboscis extension response
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Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (2021) 224 (9): jeb238535.
Published: 5 May 2021
... Proboscis extension response Maxilla labium extension response Absolute conditioning Differential conditioning Color conditioning chemotactile conditioning Multimodal learning Learning and memory are central cognitive processes enabling animals to cope with uncertainty. Bees, for example, must...
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (2019) 222 (21): jeb201335.
Published: 8 November 2019
...Ana Laura Pietrantuono; Fabrice Requier; Valeria Fernández-Arhex; Josefina Winter; Guillermo Huerta; Fernando Guerrieri ABSTRACT When honey bees ( Apis mellifera ) feed on flowers, they extend their proboscis to absorb the nectar, i.e. they perform the proboscis extension response (PER...
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (2018) 221 (14): jeb179622.
Published: 17 July 2018
... conditions, the proboscis extension response (PER) provides a well-established behavioral paradigm. While many studies have used the PER paradigm to test olfactory learning in bees because of its robustness and reproducibility, studies on PER conditioning of visual stimuli are rare. In this study, we...
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (2018) 221 (14): jeb180844.
Published: 16 July 2018
..., we ask whether honey bees discriminate between floral-fragrance isomers in an appetitive context. We used the olfactory conditioning of the proboscis extension response, which allows training a restrained bee to an odor paired with sucrose solution. Bees were trained under an absolute (a single...
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (2017) 220 (8): 1443–1450.
Published: 15 April 2017
.... Biogenic amines Nurse bee Apis mellifera PER Proboscis extension response Honeybees are famous for their intricate division of labor. Each bee sequentially performs a series of social tasks during its life (for a review, see Johnson, 2010 ). The most pronounced changes in individual behavior...
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (2016) 219 (1): 12–16.
Published: 1 January 2016
...Toshiya Yamashita; S. Shuichi Haupt; Hidetoshi Ikeno; Hiroyuki Ai ABSTRACT The odor localization strategy induced by odors learned via differential conditioning of the proboscis extension response was investigated in honeybees. In response to reward-associated but not non-reward-associated odors...
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (2014) 217 (3): 337–343.
Published: 1 February 2014
.... Here we test learning performance of Africanized honey bees under restrained conditions with visual and olfactory stimulation using the proboscis extension response (PER) protocol. Restrained individuals were trained to learn an association between a color stimulus and a sugar–water reward. We...
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Articles
Journal Articles
J Exp Biol (2005) 208 (4): 787–796.
Published: 15 February 2005
...H. T. Skiri; M. Stranden; J. C. Sandoz; R. Menzel; H. Mustaparta SUMMARY The importance of olfactory learning in host plant selection is well demonstrated in insects, including the heliothine moths. In the present study olfactory conditioning of the proboscis extension response was performed...