...: Epicatechin causes a decrease in activity of the cerebral giant cell and increases the persistence of long-term memory formed by conditioned taste aversion in Lymnaea , possibly via a GABAergic mechanism. Learning and memory Flavonoid Cerebral giant cell γ-Aminobutyric acid Pond snail...

...Shandra A. Doran; Ron Koss; Cam Ha Tran; Kimberly J. Christopher; Warren J. Gallin; Jeffrey I. Goldberg SUMMARY Embryos of the pond snail Helisoma trivolvis express three known subtypes of ciliary cells on the surface of the embryo early in development:pedal, dorsolateral and scattered single...

...-mail: [email protected] ) 22 7 2002 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2002 2002 Embryonic behavior nitric oxide pond snail Helisoma trivolvis serotonin ciliary beating gastropods NADPH diaphorase Nitric oxide (NO) is an unstable gas that acts as a messenger molecule...

... electrophysiological properties for the role of mediating whole-body withdrawal. * Present address: Stazione Zoologica, Villa Comunale, 1-80121 Napoli, Italy. 4 2 1991 © 1991 by Company of Biologists 1991 mollusc Lymnaea stagnalis pond snail withdrawal behaviour sensory input...

.... * Present address: Stazione Zoologica, Villa Comunale, 1-80121 Napoli, Italy. 4 2 1991 © 1991 by Company of Biologists 1991 mollusc pond snail withdrawal behaviour motor control Lymnaea stagnalis Withdrawal and escape responses are stereotyped, relatively simple patterns...