...Udit Halder; Ekaterina D. Gribkova; Rhanor Gillette; Prashant G. Mehta ABSTRACT In this report, passive elasticity properties of Octopus rubescens arm tissue are investigated using a multidisciplinary approach encompassing biomechanical experiments, computational modeling, and analyses. Tensile...

... , T. and Hochner , B. ( 2005 ). Neurobiology: motor control of flexible octopus arms . Nature 433 , 595 - 596 . 10.1038/433595a Sumbre , G. , Fiorito , G. , Flash , T. and Hochner , B. ( 2006 ). Octopuses use a human-like strategy to control precise point...

... the reaching ( Fig. 1 A) and fetching tasks ( Fig. 1 B). Overall, 286 successful reaching movements and 382 fetching movements were observed. Fig. 1. Picture sequence of typical straight reaching and fetching movements of octopus arms in a constrained situation. Octopuses are behind a Perspex wall...

... partial pressure ( P O 2 ) and pH gradients to test the setup. Oxygen binding parameters derived from measurements in only 15 μl of haemolymph from the cephalopod Octopus vulgaris showed low instrumental error (0.93%) and good agreement with published data. Broad-range spectra, each resolving 2048 data...

... completely stopped the octopus breathing, while 30 min were necessary to reach deep anesthesia ( Grimaldi et al., 2007 ). Ultrasound examination was carried out in completely relaxed octopuses (i.e. 10 min anesthesia). We used an Esaote MyLab™Five VET ultrasound imager (Genoa, Italy) with an LA435...

...Jayson Semmens; Zoë Doubleday; Kate Hoyle; Gretta Pecl SUMMARY Many aspects of octopus growth dynamics are poorly understood, particularly in relation to sub-adult or adult growth, muscle fibre dynamics and repro-somatic investment. The growth of 5 month old Octopus pallidus cultured...

... or the surrounding lipid environment, or synergistic changes to both. To assess the contribution of the enzyme itself, we cloned orthologous Na + /K + -ATPase α-subunits from an Antarctic ( Pareledone sp.; –1.8°C) and a temperate octopus ( Octopus bimaculatus ; ∼18°C), and compared their turnover rates...

... transfer and the function of the optic lobes in octopus. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. 15 , 116 -124. Muntz, W. R. A. ( 1977 ). Pupillary response of cephalopods. Symp. Zool. Soc. Lond. 38 , 277 -285. Muntz, W. R. A. and Gwyther, J. ( 1988 ). Visual discrimination of distance by octopuses. J. Exp...

...Christopher S. Cobb; Roddy Williamson ABSTRACT Intracellular recordings were made from extraocular photoreceptor cells within isolated epistellar bodies of the lesser or northern octopus Eledone cirrhosa. The cells had resting potentials around −41±5 mV (mean ± S.D., N =60) and showed light-flash...

... excitation–contraction coupling cuttlefish Sepia officinalis octopus Eledone cirrhosa mantle muscle The cephalopod mantle performs many functions including slow swimming, fast swimming, escape jetting and respiration ( Bone et al . 1994 ). The mantle contains at least two orientations...

... nevertheless survive for several weeks ( Wells, 1978 ). In our experiments, animals were all used within 2–3 days of operation. Octopuses ( Octopus vulgaris and Eledone spp.) were kept in holding tanks following collection until it was obvious that they had not been damaged during collection. Skin...

... in the orientation of polarization within an object? (b) Can octopuses recognize specific targets on the basis of their polarization patterns? (c) What is the minimal polarization contrast that can be recognized by octopuses? Octopuses of two species, Octopus vulgaris Lamarck and Octopus briareus Robson...

...Bernd U. Budelmann; Roddy Williamson ABSTRACT Changes in threshold sensitivity of hair cell afferents of the macula and crista of the Octopus statocyst were analyzed when the hair cells were stimulated with sinusoidal water movements from different directions. The experiments indicate...

... © 1993 by Company of Biologists 1993 dopamine efferent innervation octopus reserpine retina screening pigment early receptor potential Octopuses are alert for long periods of the day, looking out at the open sea from a den during the daylight and occasionally foraging for food...

...M. J. Wells; J. Wells ABSTRACT In a recent paper ( Wells and Wells, 1989 ) evidence was presented indicating that Octopus vulgaris takes up water and salts through the digestive gland appendages, the so-called ‘pancreas’. Animals with the digestive gland ducts ligated lost weight at around 11...

.... J. , Duthie , G. G. , Houlihan , D. F. , Smith , P. J. S. and Wells , J. ( 1987 ). Blood flow and pressure changes in exercising octopuses (Octopus vulgaris) . J. exp. Biol . 131 , 175 – 187 . 10.1242/jeb.131.1.175 Wells , M. J. and Smith , P. J. S...

... . * Address for reprint requests. 05 01 1990 © 1990 by Company of Biologists 1990 squid haemocyanin cephalopod Bohr effect Haldane effect cooperativity pH/saturation diagram oxygenation deoxygenation Illex illecebrosus Loligopealei Octopus Among cephalopod...

...W. R. A. Muntz; J. Gwyther ABSTRACT A recent study has shown that the minimum separable angle of visual acuity of Octopus pallidus and O. australis lies between 4·4′ and 9·7′ when vertical and horizontal gratings are used as test objects ( Muntz & Gwyther, 1988 ). In view of other observations...

...W. R. A. Muntz; J. Gwyther ABSTRACT If two stimuli are presented to an octopus simultaneously, but at different distances from the animal, the nearer of the two is usually attacked. This preference was used to test the ability of octopuses to discriminate distance. White discs, 37 mm in diameter...

... will be considered further in the Discussion. The present experiments were done for two purposes: (1) to develop behavioural methods suitable for studying vision in Australian octopuses; and (2) to measure visual acuity in Octopus as an initial contribution to the study of basic visual mechanisms...