.... In particular, we consider the roles of cholinergic and opioid receptor signaling, given that splanchnic nerves release acetylcholine and opiate peptides onto their respective postsynaptic nicotinic and opioid receptors on AMCs. Recent in vivo and in vitro studies in the rat suggest that interactions involving...

... and reinforcement to be studied in non-mammalian species. Zebrafish have proved to be a valuable model system for the study of vertebrate development and disease. Here we demonstrate that adult zebrafish show a dose-dependent acute conditioned place preference (CPP) reinforcement response to ethanol or nicotine...

... the soluble GC inhibitor oxadiazole quinoxalin-1 (ODQ; 10 –5 mol l –1 )completely abolished the vasodilatory effect of the NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 10 –4 mol l –1 ). In addition, nicotine (3×10 –4 mol l –1 )mediated a vasodilation that was not affected by removal of the endothelium. The nicotine...

..., bursting parameters were more variable in FWA cells, suggesting that bursting activity was less robust. The muscarinic agonist, oxotremorine, was largely inhibitory in Dahlgren cells, but increased activity in a non-Dahlgren cell population,α neurons. Nicotine promoted bursting activity in SWA Dahlgren...

... stimulation in situ resulted from modulation of nicotinic and/or muscarinic receptor-linked pathways, perfused posterior cardinal vein preparations were injected with selective nicotinic (10 −7 or 10 −6 mol kg −1 nicotine) or muscarinic (10 −3 mol kg −1 methacholine) receptor agonists. For both doses...

... and is responsible for the excretion of dietary nicotine in this tissue. Isolated tubules were cannulated and exposed to radiolabelled forms of either nicotine (5 min exposure) or the P-glycoprotein substrate vinblastine (60 min exposure) in the bathing (basal surface) fluid. The luminal (apical) contents were...

...) as a neurotransmitter. α-Bungarotoxin (αBGTX) also suppressed the EPSP but required concentrations above l×10 −6 moll -1 . PPR depolarized in response to ionophoretic or bath application of cholinergic agonists, but compared to motoneurones of a non-nicotine-resistant insect such as the cockroach, PPR was relatively...