... demonstrated that temperature-induced increases in leak conductance disrupt neuronal function and that neuropeptide modulation provides thermal protection. Here, we show that neuropeptide modulation also increases temperature robustness in Dungeness and green crabs. As in Jonah crabs, higher temperatures...

... National Institutes of Health http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000002 R01AI033108 National Science Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001 IOS 1656236 Neuropeptide Insulin-like peptides Ecdysone Anautogeny Autogeny Immunity Summary: Many mosquitoes transmit...

...Kui Ding; Libin Zhang; Xinhao Fan; Pengji Zhuo; Qiming Feng; Shuangyan Zhang; Xueying Guo; Xiang Liu ABSTRACT Neuropeptides in the SALMFamide family serve as muscle relaxants in echinoderms and may affect locomotion, as the motor behavior in sea cucumbers involves alternating contraction...

... identified several head-expressed genes strongly responding to social isolation or enrichment. Of particular interest, social isolation downregulated expression of the gene encoding the neuropeptide Drosulfakinin (Dsk), the homologue of vertebrate cholecystokinin (CCK), which is critical for many mammalian...

.... Neuropeptide Vitellogenesis Endocrine The allatostatins (ASTs) are the most abundant neuropeptides in arthropods, which were named because of their inhibitory effect on juvenile hormone (JH) synthesis by the corpora allata in insects ( Stay and Tobe, 2007 ). Based on their distinct structural...

... and encoded by two distinct genes with a similar organization were also characterized. These oyster neuropeptides (Cragi-CT1/2) exhibit the two N-terminal paired cysteine residues and, except CTP2-derived peptide (Cragi-CTP2dp), show the C-terminal proline-amide motif typical of deuterostome CT-type peptides...

... in the lobster nervous system, we hypothesized that they might function as neuromodulators, as is common for neuropeptides. We thus asked whether AMGSEFLamide modulates the rhythmic outputs of the cardiac ganglion and the stomatogastric ganglion. Physiological recordings showed that AMGSEFLamide potently...

...Maurice R. Elphick; Olivier Mirabeau; Dan Larhammar ABSTRACT Neuropeptides are a diverse class of neuronal signalling molecules that regulate physiological processes and behaviour in animals. However, determining the relationships and evolutionary origins of the heterogeneous assemblage...

...Gáspár Jékely; Sarah Melzer; Isabel Beets; Ilona C. Grunwald Kadow; Joris Koene; Sara Haddad; Lindy Holden-Dye ABSTRACT Neuropeptides are the most diverse class of chemical modulators in nervous systems. They contribute to extensive modulation of circuit activity and have profound influences...

... feeding pauses. Antibodies against these neuropeptides label cells that express the neurosecretory proteins and voltage-gated calcium channels implicated in regulated secretion. These cells are embedded in the ventral epithelium, where they comprise only 4% of the total, and are concentrated around...

... of holometabolous (Endopterygota) insects within the order Diptera. We show that crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP), FMRFamide and SALDKNFMRFamide increase the contraction rate of the antennal APOs and the heart of Anopheles gambiae . Both antennal hearts are synchronously responsive to these neuropeptides...

... expression of hypothalamus neuropeptide Y (NPY) and the anorexigenic neuropeptides pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) did not differ among females raising small, medium and large litters. Leptin levels in lactation may only reflect a state of energy balance...

... modulates cardiac activity, suggesting high isoform specificity of the pyrokinin receptor(s) in this tissue. Central pattern generator Neuromodulation Neuropeptide The central pattern generator (CPG)-effector systems of invertebrates have previously and continue to provide valuable...

...Stefan Gründer; Marc Assmann; Peter A. V. Anderson Neurons either use electrical or chemical synapses to communicate with each other. Transmitters at chemical synapses are either small molecules or neuropeptides. After binding to their receptors, transmitters elicit postsynaptic potentials, which...

...Maja Milakovic; Kiel G. Ormerod; Markus K. Klose; A. Joffre Mercier Drosophila melanogaster is a model system for examining the mechanisms of action of neuropeptides. DPKQDFMRFamide was previously shown to induce contractions in Drosophila body wall muscle fibres in a Ca 2+ -dependent manner...

... structure in the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae , assessed the developmental expression of CCAP and its receptor and determined the role that CCAP plays in regulating mosquito cardiac function. RACE sequencing revealed that the A. gambiae CCAP gene encodes a neuropeptide that shares 100% amino acid...

... take a blood meal to produce a second egg clutch. Decapitation of females shortly after emergence or blood ingestion prevents egg maturation. Here, we report that a single injected dose of the neuropeptide ovary ecdysteroidogenic hormone (OEH) fully restored egg maturation in decapitated females...

.... 52 , 277 - 299 . Stemmler E. A. , Bruns E. A. , Cashman C. R. , Dickinson P. S. , Christie A. E. ( 2010 ). Molecular and mass spectral identification of the broadly conserved decapod crustacean neuropeptide pQIRYHQCYFNPISCF: the first PISCF-allatostatin (Manduca...

... of the leptin receptor (Ob-Rb), suppressor-of-cytokine-signalling-3 (SOCS-3), neuropeptide Y (NPY), agouti-related protein (AgRP), pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) in the hypothalamus were examined on dioestrous, day 5, day 17 of lactation and day 27 (1 week...

... demonstration of CLDH bioactivity outside the Insecta, and the first detection of an intrinsic neuropeptide transcript in the crustacean CG. * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) 21 9 2009 © 2010. 2010 calcitonin-like diuretic hormone (CLDH) cardiac ganglion (CG...