... of protein ensembles with different isoform profiles at the sarcomere scale. However, it remains unclear how isoform profiles shape whole-muscle performance. We compared two mouse hindlimb muscles, the slow, relatively parallel-fibered soleus and the faster, more pennate-fibered tibialis anterior (TA...

...://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/ Summary: Orexin peptides do not play a role in the temperature-dependent modulation of respiratory regulation in different sleep states in mice; however, the occurrence of sleep apneas critically depends on ambient temperature. Apnea Breathing Mouse Orexins...

... served as controls or underwent 8 weeks of voluntary wheel running. Following the treatment intervention, whole soleus (SOL) or a section of the costal diaphragm (DIA) was isolated from each mouse and tested to determine the effect of 70 µmol l −1 caffeine on work loop power output. Although caffeine...

... with controls. Other structural indicators, such as capillary profile sizes, profile area densities, perimeters of the capillary compartments and concentrations of endothelium–pericyte peg–socket junctions, were not significantly different between the mouse groups. Besides angiogenesis, increase of capillary...

... in restoring normal function and structure of experimentally traumatized hair cells of the mouse cochlea. * Present address: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA. ‡ Author for correspondence ( gmw@louisiana.edu ) Competing...

... pump metabolism Hepatocytes Lizard Toad Rat Mouse Trout Rabbit The Na + and K + gradients maintained across the cell membrane of endothermic and ectothermic vertebrates are similar ( Else and Hulbert, 1987 ) and a major cost and contributor to basal metabolic rate ( Rolfe and Brown...

..., acoustic structure and syllable complexity. We further show that single sensory cues are not sufficient to elicit this audience effect, indicating that multiple cues may be necessary for an audience to be apparent. Together, these experiments reveal that some features of mouse vocal behavior are only...

...Kari R. Taylor-Burt; Jenna Monroy; Cinnamon Pace; Stan Lindstedt; Kiisa C. Nishikawa ABSTRACT Shivering frequency scales predictably with body mass and is 10 times higher in a mouse than a moose. The link between shivering frequency and body mass may lie in the tuning of muscle elastic properties...

... is not highly constrained by inhibited Sod1 expression, in contrast to other reproductive traits known to be impaired in this mouse model. Our results reveal that males with experimentally impaired antioxidant defence ( Sod1 −/− ), through complete SOD1 deficiency, are more aggressive than both heterozygous...

... The authors declare no competing financial interests. 16 1 2013 13 2 2014 © 2014. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2014 Bone Tibia Cancellous Cortical Stiffness Mouse Load The vertebrate skeleton is an adaptive structure that remodels to meet physiological...

... confined to the liver in Xenopus laevis . This erythropoietic mechanism is different from that observed in the mouse model used in this study. Therefore, erythropoietic systems differ with respect to function between ectothermic and endothermic animals after low temperature exposure, and these systems may...

... on this model should be performed from a biological, clinical and ethically appropriate perspective. * Author for correspondence ( joanne.webster@imperial.ac.uk ) 11 5 2012 8 9 2012 © 2013. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2013 Toxoplasma gondii rat mouse behaviour...

... ). There is a 4.0-h periodicity corroborated unequivocally by the autocorrelogram. We next fitted a sinusoid with the same period as assessed by MESA to the data using nonlinear regression (NLIN procedure, SAS). Fig. 4A shows the rebinned raw data from this mouse with the fitted sinusoid superimposed...

... 2009 © 2010. Mus musculus repetability resting metabolic rate mouse reproductive performance Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the amount of energy expended by a non-reproductive and non-growing animal at rest, within the thermoneutral zone, regulating its body temperature...

... was not quantified in this study, both experimental groups exhibited similar frequencies of walking and running during quadrupedal locomotion( Table 1 ). Since ML and AP bending rigidities of the mouse femoral diaphyses consistently corresponded to maximum and minimum rigidities, respectively, it is appropriate...

...-mail: l.m.vaanholt@rug.nl ) 13 3 2007 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2007 2007 mouse daily energy expenditure doubly labeled water technique energy balance resting metabolic rate Free-living animals need to forage for food and they may face energetic constraints related...

... can make them indispensable in the post-genomic endeavour. e-mail: j.a.t.dow@bio.gla.ac.uk 23 1 2007 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2007 2007 Drosophila melanogaster Caenorhabditis elegans Danio rerio mouse Malpighian tubule bioinformatics This paper...

... address: AgResearch Limited, C/-Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92109,Auckland, New Zealand 31 10 2006 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2007 2007 resource allocation sustained metabolic rate fecundity mouse BMR...

...), but becomes significant( P =0.0325) when one outlier is removed. This was an S individual whose wheel running declined anomalously from 14 375 on day 1 to 7603 on day 6, the greatest decline for any mouse in the sample of 48. This may represent a real phenomenon, or it might indicate a problem with the wheel...

... techniques using in vitro preparations of the mouse spinal cord. This review will discuss new advances in the field of spinal locomotor networks with emphasis on the mouse. Many of the behaviors fundamental to animal life, such as breathing,chewing and locomotion, are rhythmic activities controlled...