... and Forsterygion varium ) . High-resolution respirometry coupled with fluorometric measurements of mitochondrial membrane potential (mtMP) permitted assessment of differences in mitochondrial function and integrity in response to intermittent hypoxia and anoxia. Traditional steady-state measures of respiratory...

... by 10% with the onset of anoxia in goldfish telencephalic brain slices. Employing whole-cell patch-clamp recording, we found that, similar to severe hypoxia, the ROS scavengers N -acetyl cysteine (NAC) and MitoTEMPO, added during normoxic periods, depolarized membrane potential (severe hypoxia −73.6...

... and an upregulation of oxidative phosphorylation efficiency. The aim of this study was to decipher mechanisms underlying the increased mitochondrial coupling efficiency reported in fasted birds. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation activity, efficiency and membrane potential were measured in mitochondria isolated...

..., we recorded the electrical activities of both excitatory (pyramidal) and inhibitory (stellate) neurons. With anoxia, membrane potential ( V m ) depolarized in both cell types from −72.2 mV to −57.7 mV and from −64.5 mV to −46.8 mV in pyramidal and stellate neurons, respectively. While pyramidal cells...

... of compatible osmolytes improve osmotic balance and cold tolerance in Drosophila . Insect Chill tolerance Osmotic balance Membrane potential Chill injury NMR Metabolomics Some cold-adapted insect species have evolved the ability to either tolerate or avoid ice crystal formation...

... have been associated with a loss and recovery of ion homeostasis (particularly extracellular [K + ], [K + ] o ) and accordingly onset of chill coma has been hypothesized to result from depolarization of membrane potential caused by loss of ion homeostasis. Here, we examined whether onset of chill coma...

...Heidi K. Grønlien; Anna Kari Rønnevig; Bjarne Hagen; Olav Sand SUMMARY The swimming behaviour of ciliates is mainly determined by membrane potential and transmembrane fluxes. In a chemical gradient, swimming ciliates may approach or move away from the source. Based on experiments on Paramecium...

.... * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 13 11 2008 2009 spontaneous fluctuation membrane potential calcium Paramecium Animals alter their behavior in response to external stimuli. However,sometimes they spontaneously alter their behavior...

..., despite being derived from different parts of the contractile vacuole complex. No voltage-gated unit currents were observed in membrane patches from the vesicles. Vesicles derived from the radial arm showed a membrane potential of >10 mV, positive with reference to the cytosol, while those derived from...

... consumption can account for maintenance of the transmembrane H + gradient without the imposition of cell surface H + barriers. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 25 4 2005 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2005 2005 acidophile cytosolic pH membrane potential...

..., is involved in ammonia toxicity. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 26 1 2004 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2004 2004 oriental weatherloach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus ammonia glutamine alanine K + channel membrane potential NMDA receptor...

...U. I. M. Wiehart; S. W. Nicolson; E. Van Kerkhove SUMMARY Malpighian tubules of the mealworm Tenebrio molitor were isolated for intracellular measurement of basolateral ( V bl ) and,indirectly, apical ( V ap ) membrane potentials. In control Ringer (50 mmol l -1 K + , 140 mmol l -1 Na + ), V bl...

...-mail: [email protected] ) 18 7 2002 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2002 2002 contractile vacuole complex membrane potential V-ATPase osmoregulation fluid segregation activity exocytotic cycle Paramecium multimicronucleatum The contractile vacuole complex (CVC...

... ) was significantly lower in ammonia-exposed animals, leading to a profound reduction in factorial aerobic scope (AMR/MMR). Reduced U crit was also linked to a reduction in maximum tailbeat frequency. Calculation of membrane potentials ( E M ) in the white muscle of fish swum to U crit revealed a significant partial...

... were performed to elucidate the mechanism for this behaviour. No members of this class have previously been studied using electrophysiological techniques. The ciliates were maintained in culture and fed on the planctonic alga Rhodomonas minuta . The membrane potential showed spontaneous shifts between...

..., the transmembrane proton concentration gradient (ΔpH) and the membrane potential. The two components were considered to be not only thermodynamically but also kinetically equivalent, since the chloroplast ATP synthase appeared to operate on ΔpH only. Recent experiments demonstrate, however, that the chloroplast ATP...

... increase the probability of finding a sexual partner for pair formation (conjugation). The usual pattern of rhythmic, spontaneous depolarizations controlling the walking rhythm is absent in nonself-pheromone-stimulated cells. The remaining depolarizations arise from a 4 mV hyperpolarized membrane potential...

...Carl Hirschie Johnson; Yasuo Nakaoka; Isoji Miwa ABSTRACT In some neural models of circadian rhythmicity, membrane potential and transmembrane flux of potassium and calcium ions appear to play important roles in the entrainment and central mechanisms of the biological clock. We wondered whether...

... by Company of Biologists 1991 membrane potential voltage-clamp cirral movement Stylonychia mytilus The ciliary motor response in ciliates is closely coupled to membrane potential changes ( Machemer, 1986 , 1990 ). In Paramecium and Stylonychia , it has been established that membrane...

... as light intensity was increased and the cells almost stopped at the intensity at which they showed the maximum degree of photoaccumulation. When the intensity was increased further, the avoiding reaction was frequently observed. Step increases in the light intensity depolarized the membrane potential...