... effects best linked the neuromuscular and kinematic data. This result shows the importance of including passive stability properties in neuromechanical models of flight control and reveals possible trade-offs between manoeuvrability and stability derived from damping. * Author for correspondence...

...Bo Cheng; Xinyan Deng; Tyson L. Hedrick SUMMARY Insects produce a variety of exquisitely controlled manoeuvres during natural flight behaviour. Here we show how hawkmoths produce and control one such manoeuvre, an avoidance response consisting of rapid pitching up, rearward flight, pitching down...

... the lateral component of the AdP is active during steady swimming. The medial component remains inactive until manoeuvres require recovery from large fin abductions. For example in Fig. 5 the right AdP (medial) is active during a large adduction which returns the fin toward the body after a significant...

... analysis of paired pelvic fins to formulate hypotheses of pelvic fin function. Rainbow trout( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) were filmed swimming steadily at slow speeds(0.13–1.36 BL s –1 ) and during manoeuvres(0.21–0.84 BL s –1 ) in a variable speed flow tank. Two high-speed cameras filmed ventral and lateral...

... fins in brook trout by swimming fish in two horizontal light sheets filmed by two synchronized high speed cameras during steady swimming and manoeuvring. Six major conclusions emerge from these experiments. First, anal fins produce lateral jets to the same side as dorsal fins,confirming the hypothesis...

... , 499° s –1 for A . lineatopus and 550° s –1 A . valencienni . *e-mail: [email protected] 24 9 2001 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2001 2001 arboreal locomotion intermittent jumping lizard manoeuvring Anolis spp. Different environments...