... capacity and maintain optimum flight performance by altering flight kinematics and postures in response to moderate mass loss. Dietary restriction Eurasian tree sparrow Flight performance High-speed videography Load-lifting Wing kinematics National Natural Science Foundation of China...

... colubris ) hovering under the following conditions: (1) ambient air, (2) air density reduction trials, (3) submaximal load-lifting trials and (4) maximal load-lifting trials. Increased power output was achieved through increased stroke amplitude during air density reduction and load-lifting trials...

...D. L. Altshuler; R. Dudley; S. M. Heredia; J. A. McGuire SUMMARY Vertical lifting performance in 67 hummingbird species was studied across a 4000 m elevational gradient. We used the technique of asymptotic load-lifting to elicit maximum sustained muscle power output during loaded hovering flight...

...? Maximal load-lifting capacities of the two largest species of hummingbirds found in the United States, the blue-throated ( Lampornis clemenciae , 8.4 g) and magnificent ( Eugenes fulgens , 7.4 g) hummingbird, as well as the two other local small species, the black-chinned ( Archilochus alexandri , 3.0 g...

...Peng Chai; Johnny S. C. Chen; Robert Dudley ABSTRACT Maximal load-lifting capacities of six ruby-throated hummingbirds ( Archilochus colubris ) were determined under conditions of burst performance. Mechanical power output under maximal loading was then compared with maximal hovering performance...

...James H. Marden ABSTRACT Pennycuick et al . (1989) recently reported results of an experiment in which climbing rate and load-lifting ability were measured for two trained Harris’ hawks ( Parabuteo unicinctus Audubon) flying with various amounts of experimentally applied loads. These data were used...