... permeabilized livers from both lineages, measured mitochondrial oxidation, and monitored changes during gradual increases of sulphide. Ultimately, we determined that each lineage has a distinct strategy for coping with elevated H 2 S, indicating divergences in mitochondrial function and metabolism. The Honduras...

... muscle, heart and liver of ruby-throated hummingbirds ( Archilochus colubris ). The GLUTs examined were detected in nearly all tissues tested. Hepatic GLUT1 was minimally present in whole-tissue homogenates and absent win PM fractions. GLUT5 was expressed in flight muscles at levels comparable to those...

... on the tissue considered (liver or skeletal muscle), as well as having more-efficient muscle mitochondria than the other two species . Mus mattheyi presents metabolic innovations to ensure its homeostasis, by generating more ATP per oxygen consumed. * These authors contributed equally to this work...

.... We found significant correlation between PPARγ and target gene expression in adipose but little evidence that PPARα expression levels drive metabolic regulation in liver during the migratory cycle. * Present address: Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University...

... mechanical power requirements for swimming and increased optimal swim speeds. The primary source of buoyancy, the lipid-rich liver, offers only limited compensation for increased negative buoyancy as a result of decreasing water density; maintaining the same submerged weight would involve increasing...

..., and monitored various physiological parameters such as body mass, food intake, dry matter digestibility and serum markers of liver damage. We predicted that the seed predator, A. russatus , would be physiologically more adapted to consume activated toxins, as it regularly does so in the wild. We also predicted...

... mechanisms involved in energy production, including mitochondrial respiration at different steps of the electron transport system (ETS) and related the results to citrate synthase activity in the liver of non-reproductive and reproductive (two and eight pups) female house mice at peak lactation. Whereas we...

... as well. The daily expression profiles of cell cycle markers ( Ccnd1 , Ccne1 and Pcna ) and circadian clock genes ( Per2 and Clock ) were monitored in liver and esophagus (low and high proliferation index, respectively) of BALB/c mice. Locomotor activity displayed a 24 h rhythm, establishing the circadian...

...Marta Conde-Sieira; Marcos A. López Patiño; Jesús M. Míguez; José L. Soengas SUMMARY To assess whether the glucosensing capacity in peripheral (liver and Brockmann bodies) and central (hypothalamus and hindbrain) locations of rainbow trout displays day–night variations in its response to changes...

... happens in experimental hyperthyroidism, induced by 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (T 3 ) treatment, suggests that this hormone is responsible for the oxidative damage found in tissues from cold-exposed animals. Examination of T 3 -responsive tissues, such as brown adipose tissue (BAT) and liver, shows...

.... After acute insulin administration we found that to counter-regulate the insulin-induced hypoglycaemia, trout metabolism is strongly modified. This short-term, efficient response to hypoglycaemia includes a rapid, coordinated response involving the reorganization of muscle and liver metabolism. During...

... cycle (O–UC) enzyme activity and mRNA expression,we subjected toadfish to two-day and seven-day crowding regimes. Plasma cortisol levels were measured and liver tissue was assayed for ammonia and urea concentrations. Liver glutamine synthetase (GS), carbamoyl phosphate synthetase III (CPS), ornithine...

... in the trout liver. In order to test this hypothesis, we performed intraperitoneal administration of bovine insulin to fasted rainbow trout and also subjected rainbow trout primary hepatocytes to insulin and/or glucose stimulation. We demonstrate that insulin was able to activate Akt, a key element...

...-GS04 ) are expressed in the brain of the ammonia-intolerant rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and that cerebral GSase is induced during ammonia stress. We measured GSase activity and the mRNA expression of Onmy-GS01-GS04 in fore-, mid- and hindbrain and liver, as well as ammonia concentrations...

... increased liver and spleen masses, as well as decreased liver protein synthesis. Parasitism also led to increased gastrointestinal (GI) mass, either directly due to parasite presence or as host compensation for decreased GI function. No additional plasticity was recorded - infected animals did not consume...

...Cindy A. Duong; Chugey A. Sepulveda; Jeffrey B. Graham; Kathryn A. Dickson SUMMARY Mitochondrial proton leak was assessed as a potential heat source in the slow, oxidative (red) locomotor muscle and liver of the shortfin mako shark( Isurus oxyrinchus ), a regional endotherm that maintains...

... as a source of ATP. We hypothesized that diminished circulatory function in supercooled turtles also reduces the delivery of metabolic substrates to peripheral tissues from central stores in the liver, so that the tissues depend increasingly on endogenous stores to fuel their metabolism. We discovered...

...Maxim Zakhartsev; Torild Johansen; Hans O. Pörtner; Ronny Blust SUMMARY The aim of this study was to determine the effects of seasonal temperature variation on the functional properties of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from white muscle and liver of Norwegian coastal cod ( Gadus morhua...

... responses or degree of freeze tolerance. The concentration of glucose produced upon freezing was higher than previously reported for this species (liver: 475 μmol g –1 dry mass). Unfrozen frogs had high levels of glycerol (liver: approx. 150μmol g –1 dry mass), and did not produce more upon freezing. Liver...

... is based on increased rates of mitosis in the intestinal crypts. It is highly probable that elevated levels of cell proliferation in the crypts are balanced by elevated levels of cell extrusion at the tip of intestinal villi. The lipid contents of the liver were reduced,indicating that lipid stores...