...Alexander M. Shephard; Sydney Jacobsen; Cristina C. Ledón-Rettig ABSTRACT It has frequently been hypothesized that among-individual variation in behavior and physiology will correlate with life history traits, yet the nature of these correlations can vary. Such variability may arise from plasticity...

...-specific nature of long-term trade-offs associated with increased chronic activity. They also illustrate the importance of considering the costs of locomotion in studies of life-history strategies. * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) Competing interests The authors declare...

... insects, where it faces unique challenges associated with its host's caste-based reproductive division of labor and colony living. Here, we dissect the benefits and costs of Wolbachia infection on life-history traits of the invasive pharaoh ant, Monomorium pharaonis , which are relatively short lived...

... on physiology and life history. Compensatory growth Developmental plasticity Growth Life history Resource allocation Trade-off European Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010663 834653 University of Glasgow http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000853...

... wing colouration such as melanin. Competing for the same resources often leads to trade-offs in resource allocation. We manipulated protein availability in the larval diet of the wood tiger moth, Arctia plantaginis , to test how early life resource availability influences relevant life history traits...

...Alexander Hansson; Erik Wapstra; Geoffrey M. While; Mats Olsson ABSTRACT Telomeres, the repetitive DNA regions that protect the ends of chromosomes, and their shortening have been linked to key life history trade-offs among growth, reproduction and lifespan. In contrast to most endotherms, many...

..., not oxygen limitation, in driving the deceleration of adult growth. Life history Climate change Gill-oxygen limitation theory (GOLT) Growth modelling Energy allocation Australian Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000923 FT180100154 Deakin University http...

...Alyssa M. Bonfoey; Jessica Chen; Zachary R. Stahlschmidt ABSTRACT Artificial light at night (ALAN) is increasingly prevalent worldwide, but life-history strategy may mitigate the costs of ALAN for animals. Yet, interactions among ALAN, life-history strategy and tolerance to climate-related...

... as a framework for future studies of animal form and function. First, studies of performance should consider the broader life-history context of the organism, and vice versa, as performance expression can require a large portion of acquired resources. Second, studies of life histories or mechanistic pathways...

... mammals. Immunology Leukocytes Life history Flight Allometry Chiroptera Scaling Powered flight has evolved at least three times in the evolutionary history of vertebrates and yet is one of the most energetically costly modes of transportation ( Rayner, 1988 ). Birds and bats experience...

... of fast growth on telomerase activity, thus providing a new mechanism through which growth rates may affect telomere dynamics and potentially life-history trajectories. * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) Competing interests The authors declare no competing...

...: Precocial birds incubated at low temperature take longer to develop cold tolerance, with possible costs for energy acquisition in early life. Body temperature Development Endothermy Heterothermy Life history Poultry Thermoregulation The demands of avian incubation often parallel, or even...

... and sexual maturation in males of this species, co-regulating physiology and behaviour, and potentially helping to maximise fitness. These findings support the theory that the JH family is crucial in regulating insect behaviour and life histories. Our study provides insights into the mechanisms...

.../user-licence-1-1/ Highlighted Article: Related albatrosses have similar guard-stage foraging costs despite life history and foraging strategy differences; however, lighter forecasted wind in endemic albatross ranges may increase take-off costs and increase sit-and-wait strategies...

... (endurance versus sprinting) results in complex trade-offs with the immune system that are not caused by energy limitation alone. Ecoimmunology Life history Performance Trade-offs Life-history theory predicts that organisms should allocate finite resources to traits in a manner...

...Ben Dantzer; Freya van Kesteren; Sarah E. Westrick; Stan Boutin; Andrew G. McAdam; Jeffrey E. Lane; Robert Gillespie; Ariana Majer; Mark F. Haussmann; Pat Monaghan ABSTRACT Elevations in glucocorticoid (GC) levels in breeding females may induce adaptive shifts in offspring life histories. Offspring...

...Andy J. Turko; Justine E. Doherty; Irene Yin-Liao; Kelly Levesque; Perryn Kruth; Joseph M. Holden; Ryan L. Earley; Patricia A. Wright ABSTRACT Metabolic rate and life-history traits vary widely both among and within species, reflecting trade-offs in energy allocation, but the proximate and ultimate...

... leverage declines during growth in cottontail rabbits, likely promoting increased locomotor performance during the precarious juvenile period of life history. Muscle leverage Allometry Development Muscle force Life history Sub-adulthood can be a risky time of life for many animals...

.... This suggests that overwinter survival in diapause does not require larger energy reserves than direct development, likely because of metabolic suppression in diapause pupae. The results, nevertheless, demonstrate that physiological changes coincide with the divergence of life histories between the alternative...

... the mechanistic basis of fitness costs. Fourth, I propose the ‘redox signalling hypothesis’ of life history to complement the current ‘oxidative stress hypothesis’ of life history. The latter states that oxidative damage underlies trade-offs because it affects traits like growth, reproduction or cell senescence...