... the different treatments (see Table 1 ) were caffeine (Caff) and l -arginine (Arg) (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany). To prepare the different solutions, we considered the caffeine and l -arginine concentrations previously used in honeybee learning studies ( Chalisova et al., 2011 ; Wright et al., 2013...

... agonist, elicited rhythmic bursts of motor neurone spikes. The co-application of l -arginine, the substrate for NO synthesis with carbachol increased the burst frequency of the motor neurones. The co-application of the NO donor SNAP with carbachol also increased the burst frequency of the motor neurones...