... in NMRs. We hypothesized that NMRs mobilize glucose stores to support anaerobic energy metabolism in hypoxia. To test this, we treated newborn, juvenile and adult (subordinate and queen) NMRs in normoxia (21% O 2) or hypoxia (7, 5 or 3% O 2), while measuring metabolic rate, body temperature and blood...

... and juveniles of two species, Montipora capitata and Pocillopora acuta . Depth of fluorescence in coral tissues provides a proxy measure of tissue thickness, whereas Symbiodiniaceae population fluorescence relates to both population density and chlorophyll a content. In response to thermal stress, there were...

... present an opportunity to study the pH sensitivity of organisms that are presumably adapted to an acidified environment. The intertidal zone porcelain crab, Petrolisthes cinctipes , was used to study physiological responses to low pH in embryonic, larval and newly recruited juvenile life-history stages...

... were formed between juvenile crayfish as early as the third stage of development. Patterns of agonistic bouts to determine social hierarchy became more aggressive during development. The dominant–subordinate relationship was usually determined after contact in crayfish of less than 20 mm and 20–32 mm...

...M. V. Orr; K. Hittel; K. Lukowiak SUMMARY Learning and memory provide the flexibility an organism requires to respond to changing social and ecological conditions. Juvenile Lymnaea have previously been shown to have a diminished capacity to form long-term memory (LTM) following operant conditioning...

... relationships between body mass (M) and gas exchange parameters(Y) were determined and evaluated by examining the exponents of the equation Y =a M b . This intraspecific study was compared to interspecific studies of adult birds reported in the literature. Total lung volume scales similarly in juvenile pelicans...

... cm fork length, FL) and eight chub mackerel (14.0–23.4 cm FL), all juveniles, were videotaped at 120 Hz while swimming at several speeds up to their maximum sustained speed at 24 °C. Computerized motion analysis was used to digitize specific points on the body in sequential video frames...

... body shape and use of the thunniform locomotor mode. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that juvenile tunas swim both faster and more efficiently than their ectothermic relatives. The maximum sustainable swimming speed (U max , the maximum speed attained while using a steady...