... flies exhibit sustained upregulation of the immune response, which we hypothesized might contribute to the metabolic costs. Consistent with this prediction, genetic activation of the major innate immune signaling pathways depleted metabolic stores and increased starvation sensitivity even in the absence...

... produced a more robust and persistent transcriptional response with higher mRNA transcript abundance across innate immune, stress and fatty acid responses than their 20°C-acclimated counterparts. Additional whole-animal performance metrics (critical thermal maximum, metabolic rate, cortisol concentration...

... affects the ability of high- and low-elevation male Amakihi to cope with avian malaria by measuring innate immunity, hematocrit and malaria parasitemia. Corticosterone implants resulted in a decrease in hematocrit in high- and low-elevation birds but no changes to circulating natural antibodies...

... hypothesized that immune function may be part of the underlying mechanism, when harsh developmental conditions result in less effective immune function. We tested this hypothesis by comparing innate immune function between zebra finches ( Taeniopygia guttata ) in adulthood ( n =230; age 108–749 days) that were...

... whether such trade-offs also include suppression of the innate immune response, by subjecting captive male Svalbard ptarmigan ( Lagopus muta hyperborea ) to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) during exposure to either mild temperature (0°C) or cold snaps (acute exposure to −20°C), in constant winter...

... to a fluctuating thermal regime triggers a stress response in rattlesnakes. Additionally, exposure to a fluctuating thermal regime is associated with reduced immunity in rattlesnakes. Thermal regime Ectothermic Snakes Corticosterone Innate immunity Heterophil:lymphocyte ratio Environmental...

.... Invertebrate Mt2 Lipid homeostasis Hemocyte Innate immunity Ceramide Signaling Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) Innate immunity ( Janeway and Medzhitov, 2002 ) is an evolutionarily conserved host defense mechanism present throughout the plant and animal kingdoms. It is the predominant form...

.../ Highlighted Article: Anti-inflammatory properties in the serum of seals could protect these deep divers from negative downstream effects of lung collapse and bubble formation. Innate immunity Cytokine IL6 Endotoxin Pinniped Marine mammals such as pinnipeds (seals and sea lions) are highly...

... De Coster , G. , De Neve , L. , Martín-Gálvez , D. , Therry , L. and Lens , L. ( 2010 ). Variation in innate immunity in relation to ectoparasite load, age and season: a field experiment in great tits (Parus major) . J. Exp. Biol.   213 , 3012 - 3018 . 10.1242/jeb.042721...

... of innate immunity when dehydrated. These results suggest that, in this species, dehydration may not induce a glucocorticoid response, but, instead, enhances physiological defense mechanisms. To explore this possibility, we examined multiple measures of innate immunity as well as initial and reactive plasma...

..., cold temperature increased bacterial killing capacity, indicative of innate immunity, and did not affect the mass of the thymus and spleen, intermediate granulocytes, the phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) response and the levels of blood glucose and serum leptin. Corticosterone concentration was affected...

... and food availability affect investment in constitutive innate immunity and the acute phase response induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injections in captive red crossbills ( Loxia curvirostra ). Crossbills are reproductively flexible songbirds that specialize on an unpredictably available food resource...

...Sisi Gao; Clarissa Sanchez; Pierre J. Deviche ABSTRACT Stress-induced effects on innate immune activity in wild birds have been difficult to predict. These difficulties may arise from the frequent assumptions that (1) the stress response influences different components of the immune response...

... demonstrates that the normal physiological process of a blood meal activates the innate immune response in mosquitoes. This process is likely in part regulated by Ras-MAPK signaling, highlighting a novel mechanistic link between blood feeding and immunity. * Author for correspondence ( [email protected]...

... for correspondence ( [email protected] ) Competing interests No competing interests declared. 15 1 2013 16 8 2013 © 2013. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2013 Dscam FREP innate immunity invertebrate immunity recognition A2M α-2-macroglobulin AMP...

...Thomas D. Hawkins; Simon K. Davy SUMMARY The temperature-induced collapse (‘bleaching’) of the coral–dinoflagellate symbiosis is hypothesised to result from symbiont oxidative stress and a subsequent host innate immune-like response. This includes the production of nitric oxide (NO), which...

... ( Fig. 6A,B ). These results suggest that host cell apoptosis can contribute to cell death of symbionts without prior signaling from stressed or dying symbionts. This response exhibits characteristics of a classic innate immune response, such as the removal and/or destruction of foreign bodies, so well...

... are still not understood, although a suppressed immune response in offspring is frequently considered. The aim of our study was to examine the innate immune defence in high (HET) and low egg testosterone (LET) lines of Japanese quail, which differ in the hormonal milieu of their eggs, thus providing a good...

... of a commercial pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) – lipopolysaccharide (LPS) – as an elicitor of the innate immune response. Immune parameters included prophenoloxidase (PPO) activity, melanin concentration, bactericidal activity, the antioxidants peroxidase and catalase, and fluorescent protein (FP...

... conclusions that relate physiology to ecology and evolution. antioxidants endotoxin Columbiformes haptoglobin innate immunity lipopolysaccharide lysozyme metabolic rate pigeons reactive oxygen species One goal of ecology is to identify the proximate causes of ecological differentiation...