...Hannah Wynen; Elias Taylor; Andreas Heyland ABSTRACT Thyroid hormones (THs) are important regulators of development, metabolism and homeostasis in metazoans. Specifically, they have been shown to regulate the metamorphic transitions of vertebrates and invertebrates alike. Indirectly developing sea...

... host defences remain little known. Prolactin, one of the main hormones involved in the regulation of avian parental behaviour, might play a key role in the orchestration of the host responses to avian brood parasitism. Given the positive association between prolactin and parental behaviour during...

... growth event that has particular importance in birds because feathers play a crucial role in flight, insulation and communication. Somatic growth processes are regulated by the evolutionarily conserved peptide hormone insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). However, the role of IGF-1 in feather growth...

... and laboratory holding experiments, especially in the presence of multiple environmental stressors, including thermal stress. Here, we used coho salmon ( Oncorhynchus kisutch ) to test whether females exposed to elevated water temperatures (18°C) (i) suppress circulating sex hormones (testosterone, 11...

... compromises quality (skeletal growth and overall size) of offspring but not reproductive fecundity in continuously breeding diurnal zebra finches. Food availability Hormones Reproduction Taeniopygia guttata Abundant food supply is crucial for the optimization of breeding schedules...

...’ hormone, the maternal optic glands employ multiple pathways as systemic hormonal signals of behavioral regulation. Whole optic glands were homogenized with pellet pestles (Fisherbrand) in microcentrifuge tubes. Arm sections were homogenized in a Potter-Elvehjem tissue grinder (Kimble, Rockwood, TN...

... in a unidirectional fashion with increasing urbanization. As hormones mediate individual responses to changing environments, endocrine systems might be one of the first systems affected, as well as being the first line of defense to ameliorate any negative health impacts. In this Review, we first highlight how light...

... controlling lipolysis and thermogenesis in adipocytes and provide a comprehensive overview of pro- and anti-lipolytic mediators. Brown adipocytes Hormones Receptors Signalling pathways Uncoupling protein 1 Energy balance Lipids encompass a large variety of molecules with diverse functions...

... ( Foster, 1994 ; Borgia, 1995 ; Darrow and Harris, 2004 ; Schlinger et al., 2008 ). One critical mechanism by which such behaviors are controlled is through hormonal mediation, notably androgen mechanisms ( Ball and Balthazart, 2004 ; Hau, 2007 ). Mechanistically, the binding of androgen ligands...

..., as expressed by phonotaxis, is mediated primarily by estradiol. Estradiol receptors are expressed in auditory and motivational brain areas and the hormone could serve as an important modulator of neural responses to conspecific calls. To better understand how estradiol modifies neural responses to conspecific...

...E. Amsalem; P. Teal; C. M. Grozinger; A. Hefetz Juvenile hormone (JH) is an important regulator of development and physiology in insects. While in many insect species, including bumble bees, JH functions as gonadotropin in adults, in some highly eusocial insects its role has shifted to regulate...

... respond phenotypically to elevated testosterone, a steroid hormone that alters gene expression. Only recently has it become possible to learn how a hormone such as testosterone affects global gene expression in non-model systems, and whether it affects the same genes in males and females. To investigate...

... are poorly understood. An important model in understanding the hormonal determinants of behavioral sequencing is the ecdysis sequence, which is performed by insects at each developmental transition, or molt. The adult ecdysis sequence in Drosophila includes the emergence of the insect from the pupal case...

... channel expression generating higher resonant frequencies characteristic of non-mammalian auditory hair cells, thereby lowering acoustic thresholds. * Author for correspondence ( knr9@cornell.edu ) 18 2 2011 © 2011. 2011 hearing hormones hair cell Vertebrate sensory...

..., is not well understood. As the glucocorticoid hormone corticosterone is known to correlate with behaviour and physiology related to energy regulation in birds, we here investigated the effect of geomagnetic cues on circulating corticosterone levels in a long-distance migrant. Just as in earlier studies...

...Tobias Uller; Johan Hollander; Lee Astheimer; Mats Olsson SUMMARY Corticosterone exposure during prenatal development as a result of maternal upregulation of circulating hormone levels has been shown to have effects on offspring development in mammals. Corticosterone has also been documented in egg...

...Michael Tobler; Maria I. Sandell SUMMARY Trans-generational transfer of non-genetic, maternal resources such as hormones can have a substantial influence on offspring phenotype in many vertebrate species. In birds, maternal androgens enhance both growth and competitive behaviour, but also suppress...

... of this behaviour in emperor penguins ( Aptenodytes forsteri ), whose failed breeders often kidnap chicks. We experimentally tested the hypothesis that kidnapping behaviour was the result of high residual levels of prolactin (PRL), a hormone involved in parental behaviour. Penguins with artificially decreased PRL...

... that have high electrical resistance and amiloride-sensitive sodium transport. Transport is stimulated by aldosterone and by cAMP or hormones that raise cell cAMP levels. In LLC-PK 1 and in A6 epithelia, transport and the response to hormones can be manipulated by manipulating the culture conditions...

...Simon A. Lewis ABSTRACT Salt and water balance in vertebrates is controlled by the release of two blood borne hormones: aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (ADH). It is the purpose of this chapter to review the mechanisms (at the plasma membrane level) by which these hormones cause an increase...