...: Male orchid bees concoct environment-derived perfumes for sexual signaling. In Euglossa imperialis , perfume load peaked early in male lives, suggesting that it communicates non-cumulative qualities, not age. Chemical communication Volatiles Chemical signal Age indicator Fitness Honest...

... et al., 2007 ; Pasteau et al., 2009a ; Pasteau et al., 2009b ; Vehrencamp, 2000 ), both models of receiver bias and of honest signaling through adaptive sexual selection should favor males who maximize the perceptually important properties of sexy phrases ( Gil and Gahr, 2002 ; Rowe and Skelhorn...