... quantitative meanings among Neotominae. Bioacoustics Cricetidae Heliox Larynx Nonlinear phenomena Source-filter theory National Science Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001 1754332 1755429 National Institutes of Health R21DC019992-01A1 Acoustic signals...

... sound production mechanisms; both modes of sound production are more widespread among rodents than previously appreciated. Heliox Nonlinear phenomena Larynx Source-filter theory Cricetidae Bioacoustics National Science Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001 IOS #1754332...

... and low-density heliox (mean=1.4 spikes cycle −1 ). However the spike amplitude, which we take to be an indication of the number of active motor units, increased in concert with the wing stroke amplitude, 1.7 times the value in air. We also challenged the hummingbirds using transient load lifting...

... is not constant and varied by as much as 0.8 % between pulses. Within each sound pulse, the average f C typically decreased from the first to the last third of a sound pulse by 9 %. When crickets called in a mixture of heliox and air, f C increased 1.07- to 1.14-fold above the value in air. However...

... and reduced wing area was compared with that before their moult. Hummingbirds were flown in reduced air densities using normoxic heliox so that a range of flight energetics was displayed. The rate of moulting and the extent of wing area loss varied among individuals. One female could tolerate a 30 % loss...

... hummingbirds ( Archilochus colubris ) was manipulated non-invasively using hyperoxic but hypodense gas mixtures of sea-level air combined with heliox containing 35 % O 2 . This manipulation sheds light on the interplay among metabolic power input, mechanical power output and aerodynamic force production...

... metabolism via variable oxygen partial pressure and/or altered flight mechanics via variable air densities. Limits to the locomotor capacity of hovering ruby-throated hummingbirds ( Archilochus colubris ) were unequivocally indicated by aerodynamic failure in either air/helium or air/heliox mixtures. Air...