... to be redirected towards BAT following cold acclimation ( Foster and Frydman, 1979 ). An increase in blood flow to the thermo-effector tissues during cold exposure would highlight their increased metabolic activity and need for uptake of circulating fatty acids to support heat production. However, this response...

... are very similar to its role during endothermic thermogenesis. The thyroid-mediated increases in metabolism and locomotor performance in ectotherms eventually resulted in sufficient heat production to affect body temperature. From this point onwards, increased body temperature per se could be of selective...

... the manuscript with editorial input from J.M.G. and J.G.R. COMPETING INTERESTS No competing interests declared. 3 7 2013 9 9 2013 © 2013. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2013 calorespirometry calorimetry fish heat production metabolism respirometry...

... ), suggesting that the lower efficiency seen in Saw25% cycles at 5 Hz may be due to increased energy turnover during lengthening. Force and heat production was commonly seen to continue into lengthening in Saw25% cycles at 5 Hz whereas force had declined closer towards resting level and heat production had...

... adipose tissue, the specialized endothermic tissue of mammals. Internal heat production is facilitated by increased oxidative metabolic capacity, accompanied by the uncoupling of aerobic metabolism from energy (ATP) production. Here we show that the transition from an ectothermic to an endothermic...

... work output and heat production were measured during a series of 40 contractions using a contraction protocol designed to mimic in vivo papillary muscle activity. Net mechanical efficiency was 13.3±0.7%. The total enthalpy output was 2.16 times greater than the initial enthalpy output,so that initial...

... as the decisive factor for survival at low temperatures, mostly ignoring the possibility of endothermic heat production. We provide here direct evidence of endothermic heat production by `shivering' thermogenesis. The abundance of endothermic bees is highest in the core and decreases towards the surface...

... mechanical efficiency heat production enthalpy output work loop cardiac muscle rat muscle. The role of the left ventricular papillary muscles is to provide structural support to the mitral valve during cardiac contraction. The muscles are particularly important for valve closure during systole...

... efficiency heat production enthalpy output work loop series elastic compliance cardiac muscle rat Many investigations of ventricular energetics have used isolated papillary muscles as a model of ventricular muscle. These muscles have myocytes arranged in parallel along their length, can...

... the microsomal membrane. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 14 09 2000 02 11 2000 © 2000 by Company of Biologists 2000 heat production sea cucumber Ludwigothurea grisea smooth muscle Ca 2+ -ATPase energy conservation K + -dependence...

... the dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula . Heat production was also measured because the sum of work and heat is equivalent to the energy cost of the contraction (ATP used). These energy fluxes were evaluated in contractions with constant-velocity shortening either during stimulation or during relaxation. The muscle...

...N. A. Curtin; M. J. Kushmerick; R. W. Wiseman; R. C. Woledge ABSTRACT Recovery after contraction of white muscle fibres of dogfish was investigated using 31 P-NMR and measurements of heat production. The muscle fibres were stimulated to perform either a single isometric tetanus or a series of brief...

...F. Lou; N. A. Curtin; R. C. Woledge ABSTRACT The energetic cost of activation was measured during an isometric tetanus of white muscle fibres from the dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula . The total heat production by the fibres was taken as a measure of the total energetic cost. This energy consists...

...N. A. Curtin; R. C. Woledge ABSTRACT Work and heat production of white myotomal muscle fibres from dogfish were measured during sinusoidal movement (0.71–5.0 Hz) at 12 ˚C. Stimulus phase (stimulus timing relative to movement) and duty cycle (stimulus duration as a fraction of movement cycle...

... output was calculated as the product of the net work output per sinusoidal length cycle and the cycle frequency. The initial mechanical efficiency was defined as power output/(rate of initial heat production + power output). Both power output and rate of initial heat production were averaged over a full...

...)65284-6 Davies , P. M. C. ( 1966 ). The energy relations of Carassius auratus L. II. The effect of food, crowding and darkness on heat production . Comp. Biochem. Physiol . 17 , 983 – 995 . 10.1016/0010-406X(66)90137-X Holopainen , I. J. , Hyvârinen , H...

...J. Van Waversveld; A. D. F. Addink; G. Van Den Thillart; H. Smit 24 3 1988 © 1988 The Company of Biologists Ltd. 1988 indirect calorimetry heat production anaerobic metabolism Heat production measurements can be performed in two ways: direct and indirect calorimetry...

...Esa Hohtola; E. Don Stevens ABSTRACT We measured the electrical activity and the tremor of the pectoral muscle and total body heat production in control and cold-acclimated Japanese quail at +26°C, + 12°C and +2°C before and after 3 weeks of acclimation, using electromyography, accelerometer...