... activity of enzymes involved in glycolysis (hexokinase, HK; pyruvate kinase, PK; and lactate dehydrogenase, LDH), pyruvate oxidation and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (pyruvate dehydrogenase, PDH; citrate synthase, CS; malate dehydrogenase, MDH; and aspartate aminotransferase, AAT), and the electron...

... ). Top-down control analysis of ATP turnover, glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in rat hepatocytes . Eur. J. Biochem. 263 , 671 - 685 . 10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00534.x Al-Attar , R. , Childers , C. L. , Nguyen , V. C. , Pamenter , M. E. and Storey , K. B...

... circulating glucose concentrations. In contrast to mammals, the glucose-lowering effect does not involve activation of AMPK. Amino acids Glycolysis Gluconeogenesis AMPK signaling Gene expression Enzyme activity Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada http://dx.doi.org...

... during metabolic rate supression and environmental stress ( Winder et al., 2003 ). This is typically associated with a stimulation of glucose uptake via glucose transporter proteins (GLUTs) in muscle, along with the inhibition of glycogen synthase (GS) to favour glycolysis ( Kahn et al., 2005 ; Rider...

..., glycolysis leading to lactate production makes only a minor contribution, less than 5%, to ATP turnover in perfused fish hearts and isolated myocytes ( Driedzic et al., 1983 ; Arthur et al., 1992 ; West et al., 1993 ; Lague et al., 2012 ; Clow et al., 2016 ); however, low rates of cytosolic generation...

...Gen L. Takei; Daisuke Miyashiro; Chinatsu Mukai; Makoto Okuno Many studies have been conducted to elucidate the relationship between energy metabolic pathways (glycolysis and respiration) and flagellar motility in mammalian sperm, but the contribution of glycolysis to sperm motility has not yet...

... Class O1 (FoxO1) and glycogen synthase kinase 3α/β (GSK 3α/β). These results indicate that acute administration of rapamycin in trout leads to the inhibition of TORC1 activation. No effect is observed on the expression of genes involved in gluconeogenesis, glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation...

... 2010. 2010 catabolism glycolysis β-oxidation birds nutrition physiological fuels metabolic rates carbon stable isotope All animals require a continual input of substrates, namely carbohydrates, lipids and proteins, to provide the structural components and energy required to carry...

...) and gluconeogenesis(in liver). The specific activities of enzymes of glycolysis and glycogen metabolism were strongly suppressed by hypoxia in white skeletal muscle, which may reflect decreased energy demand in this tissue during chronic hypoxia. In contrast, several enzyme specific activities were higher in liver...

... slowly (10-45 min) and were not apparent in glucose-free medium, in medium containing iodoacetate (IAA), an inhibitor of glycolysis, or medium containing 5 mmol l -1 lactate or pyruvate. Male ventricle strips had increased inotropic responses to glucose and T compared with female strips exposed...

... flux at this reaction in glycolysis. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) † Deceased 6 7 2005 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2005 2005 allometry metabolism glycolysis hovering flight metabolic scaling orchid bee Orchid bees...

... hovering flight Euglossine bee enzymes glycolysis flux carbohydrate Bees have served as experimental models in studies of many aspects of insect flight that include wing kinematics, muscle biomechanics,thermoregulation, allometric scaling and metabolic biochemistry. Honeybees( Apis mellifera...

... and modify the metabolic phenotype. Despite the tissue-to-tissue variation, cells are able to retain enzyme stoichiometries within each pathway. These factors also serve to coordinate the expression of the numerous genes that encode the enzymes and transporters needed to support glycolysis and mitochondrial...

... University of Bremen, School of Engineering and Science, PO Box 750561, D-28725 Bremen,Germany (e-mail: [email protected] ) 8 9 2003 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2004 2004 allozyme Arrhenius activation energy fish Gadus morhua glycolysis isozyme kinetics lactate...

... is the principal energy supply for eukaryotic cells, but when the P O falls below a critical mark metabolic switches turn off mitochondrial electron transport and activate anaerobic glycolysis. Without this switch cells would suffer an immediate energy deficit and death at low P O . An intriguing feature...

... muscle structure metabolism intracellular myofibril diffusion glycolysis channelling kinetics regulation creatine kinase Muscle fibers, specialized for the conversion of chemical energy into mechanical work, are some of the most highly structured cells known. Muscles perform diverse...

...,1998 ; Dzeja et al.,2002 ). Recently, it was demonstrated that mitochondrial ATP production is required to support energy-consuming processes at the nuclear envelope, while glycolysis alone was insufficient to perform such a function( Dzeja et al., 2002 ). Although mitochondrial clustering around...

...Andreas Becker; Gerhard Wegener ABSTRACT In cockroach fat body, trehalogenesis and glycolysis compete for glucose phosphates as common substrates. During trehalogenesis, glycolysis is inhibited, although the mechanism responsible for this is not known. Incubation of the isolated fat body from...

... glycolysis exercise temperature intracellular pH lactate glycolytic flux adenylates fructose phosphate Oncorhynchus mykiss fish muscle rainbow trout Fish living in temperate zones can experience large fluctuations in their body temperature. Because of the high thermal dependence...

... are up-regulated and anaerobic glycolysis is enhanced. There is no evidence of channel arrest in Carassius brain. The probable result is that electrical activity in the brain is not suppressed but instead maintained at a level sufficient to regulate and control the locomotory and sensory activities...