... Experimental evolution Locomotion National Science Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001 IOS-2038528 Metabolic rate, i.e. the rate at which organisms acquire and expend energy, is a fundamental aspect of an animal's physiology, forming a link from the first principles...

... studies and experimental evolution. Organisms that inhabit a range of pH environments (e.g. pH gradients at volcanic CO 2 seeps or in upwelling zones) have great potential for studies that identify adaptive shifts that have occurred through evolution. Comparative studies have advanced our understanding...

... generated starvation-resistant flies through experimental evolution to investigate the relationship between foraging behaviors and starvation resistance. Outbred populations of D. melanogaster were selected for starvation resistance over 60 generations. This selection process resulted in flies...

... traits and phenotypic plasticity may evolve together. In our study we subjected bulb mites (non-model, soil organisms that normally experience rather stable thermal conditions) to experimental evolution in two temperature treatments: control (24°C) and elevated (28°C). After 18 generations, we measured...

... selection corticosterone experimental evolution immune function trade-off trichinosis voluntary exercise wheel running A major theme in the field of ecological immunology ( Sheldon and Verhulst, 1996 ; Wikelski and Ricklefs, 2001 ; Martin et al., 2007 ) is the potential for physiological...

... will favor more sperm. To investigate how developmental trajectories affect the evolution of sperm production, we performed experimental evolution by directly competing alleles controlling hermaphrodite sperm count, conducted under different environmental conditions that alter development time. Results...

... Scientific Publishers . Garland T. Jr , Rose M. R. (eds.) ( 2009 ). Experimental evolution: concepts, methods, and applications of selection experiments , p. 752 . Berkeley : University of California Press . Garland T. Jr , Morgan M. T. , Swallow J. G. , Rhodes...

... 2009 artificial selection endurance exhaustion experimental evolution genetics glucose lactate locomotor activity wheel running Locomotion is vital for such activities as obtaining food, escaping from predators, and locating or courting mates (see Djawdan and Garland, 1988...

... behaviours. Accordingly, it is reasonable to assume that, in many circumstances, selection may favour an increase in both locomotor economy and certain aspects of performance. Here, we used an experimental evolution approach( Garland and Rose, 2009 ) and studied mice selectively bred for high voluntary...

... for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 17 1 2009 2009 artificial selection efficiency energetics experimental evolution multiple solutions muscle myosin heavy chain oxygen work Beginning in 1993 with a sample of 224 outbred Hsd:ICR house mice ( Mus domesticus ), selective...

... address: Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP – Botucatu, SP 18618-000, Brazil 10 11 2008 2009 adaptive plasticity artificial selection experimental evolution glycogen GLUT-4 phenotypic plasticity selection limit voluntary exercise In mammalian...

.../4 power law life history allometry cost of growth body size experimental evolution growth efficiency bioenergetics food consumption cell size Bertalanffy's theory metabolic theory The energy transition within cells, called metabolism, is a basic characteristic of living things...

... >0.20). artificial selection exercise experimental evolution locomotor activity maximum oxygen consumption running performance thermogenesis mouse Studies of locomotor performance have been crucial for understanding how behavior and physiology interact at ecological and evolutionary...