... view of the molecular origins of cardiac arrhythmias and their functional consequences, from the level of ion channels to cardiac electrical activity in living fish. First, we describe the current knowledge of the cardiac excitation–contraction coupling of fish, as the electrical activity of the heart...

...E. Mendoza; D. S. Moen; N. C. Holt ABSTRACT Skeletal muscle powers animal movement, making it an important determinant of fitness. The classic excitation–contraction coupling, sliding-filament and crossbridge theories are thought to describe the processes of muscle activation and the generation...

... electrode, I K1 and I Kr of isolated ventricular myocytes by patch clamping and the ventricular gene expression of 15 cellular components of excitation–contraction coupling, including the pore-forming subunits of I K1 and I Kr channels, by quantitative PCR (qPCR) ( Table 1 ). In vitro...

... and ryanodine receptors in the SR. However, this phenomenon was not observed in atrial myocytes. Taken together, these findings help to explain the high-efficiency avian myocyte excitation–contraction coupling with regard to their reptilian-like cellular ultrastructure. References Abramochkin , D. V...

...://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/ Summary: Low temperature pre-conditions fish heart for prolonged anoxia by changes in activity of excitation–contraction coupling genes and thereby allows sustained bradycardia and prolongation of ventricular action potential when oxygen shortage sets in. Anoxia...

... temperature, we examined the effect of low temperature (5°C) on several events in excitation–contraction coupling in the migratory locust ( Locusta migratoria ). Intracellular membrane potential recordings during single nerve stimulations showed that 70% of fibers at 20°C produced an action potential (AP...

... ryanodine receptor (RyR1) that supports excitation–contraction coupling in skeletal muscle. 1,4-dihydropyridine receptor DHPR Ca V 1.1 α 1 S L-type Excitation–contraction coupling Skeletal muscle Eight years ago, I summarized the depth of knowledge concerning the basic mechanism...

..., in particular in the atrial muscle. * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) 5 12 2011 © 2012. 2012 cardiac contraction sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium uptake fish excitation–contraction coupling Contraction of the cardiac muscle cell is initiated by a transient...

... acclimation to low temperatures increases the use of SR Ca 2+ in excitation–contraction coupling. The hypotheses that chamber-specific and temperature-induced differences in SR function are due to the increased SR CASQ content were tested in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss )acclimated at either 4°C (cold...

... to this work 19 1 2004 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2004 2004 trout excitation-contraction coupling Na-Ca exchange membrane current teleost heart caffeine In the mammalian heart, β-adrenergic stimulation has both inotropic and lusitropic effects. The inotropic effect...

... and SR Ca content in cardiac myocytes. Am. J. Physiol. 268 , C1313 -C1319. Bers, D. M. ( 1987 ). Ryanodine and the calcium content of cardiac SR assessed by caffeine and rapid cooling contractures. Am. J. Physiol. 253 , C408 -C415. Bers, D. M. ( 2001 ). Excitation-Contraction Coupling...

... for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 21 8 2002 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2002 2002 excitation—contraction coupling Ca 2+ skeletal muscle caudal muscle hagfish Eptatretus burgeri Hagfishes are now considered, on both morphological and molecular...

... adaptation excitation—contraction coupling homeostasis Ca 2+ is a universal intracellular messenger that participates in numerous biological processes from neural regulation to muscle contraction,and from gene expression to cell growth and death (for a review, see Berridge et al., 2000...

... this facilitatory relationship, indicating that calcium stores participate in excitation–contraction coupling. Calcium stores were identified ultrastructurally using enzymatic histochemistry to localize CaATPases, and potassium dichromate to precipitate calcium. Electron energy-loss spectroscopy was used to verify...

... 2000 heart rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss myocyte stimulation frequency Ca 2+ transient Fura-2 action potential sarcoplasmic reticulum excitation–contraction coupling Cardiac output is the product of heart rate and stroke volume. In fish, cardiac muscle contractility...

... reticulum ryanodine force restitution rest-potentiation excitation–contraction coupling rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss © 1999 by Company of Biologists 1999 08 07 1999 13 10 1999 * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) Fig. 2. Effects...

... heart cardiac myocyte action potential excitation–contraction coupling thermal acclimation activation of contraction cell shortening Carassius carassius carp The sarcoplasmic reticulum of fish cardiac cells is relatively poorly developed and obviously a minor factor in contractile...

... temperature acclimation fish heart sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ uptake excitation–contraction coupling thapsigargin Fura-2 rainbow trout crucian carp Carassius carassius Oncorhynchus mykiss Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) participates in the contraction and relaxation of cardiac muscle...

... excitation–contraction coupling cuttlefish Sepia officinalis octopus Eledone cirrhosa mantle muscle The cephalopod mantle performs many functions including slow swimming, fast swimming, escape jetting and respiration ( Bone et al . 1994 ). The mantle contains at least two orientations...

... and seems to be regulated by a ryanodine-insensitive mechanism, while at 25°C force is correlated with the maximal rate of force development and the sarcoplasmic reticulum appears to contribute significantly to excitation-contraction coupling. REFERENCES Andreasen , P. ( 1985 ). Free and total...