... of an automated escape system enabling manipulation of prey kinematic and behavioral parameters, offering a new approach for investigating predator–prey interactions. Escape response Flight response Manipulation experiment Predatory attack Predator–prey interaction Japan Society...

...Ana Laura Pietrantuono; Maria B. Aguirre; Octavio A. Bruzzone; Fernando J. Guerrieri ABSTRACT Mosquito larvae live in water and perform a stereotyped escape response when a moving object projects its shadow on the water surface, indicating potential risk of predation. Repeated presentations...

...Paolo Domenici; Melina E. Hale ABSTRACT The study of fish escape responses has provided important insights into the accelerative motions and fast response times of these animals. In addition, the accessibility of the underlying neural circuits has made the escape response a fundamental model...

.... and Emberley , D. S. ( 1991 ). How stimulus direction determines the trajectory of the Mauthner-initiated escape response in a teleost fish . J. Exp. Biol.   161 , 469 - 487 . Eme , J. and Bennett , W. A. ( 2009 ). Critical thermal tolerance polygons of tropical marine fishes from...

... to accelerate. These escape responses need to fulfil a number of functional demands, under the constraints of the fluid environment and the larva's body shape. Primarily, the larvae need to generate sufficient escape speed in a wide range of possible directions, in a short-enough time. In this study, we...

...Diana H. Li; William F. Gilly ABSTRACT Squids display a wide range of swimming behaviors, including powerful escape jets mediated by the giant axon system. For California market squid ( Doryteuthis opalescens ), maintaining essential behaviors like the escape response during environmental...

..., synaptic mechanisms, and associated networks . In Neurobiology of the Mauthner Cell (ed. D. S.   Faber and H.   Korn ), pp. 47 - 131 . New York : Raven Press . Faber , D. S. , Fetcho , J. R. and Korn , H. ( 1989 ). Neuronal networks underlying the escape response...

... fibers in the shrimp nerve cord are functionally interconnected, and have fast conduction velocities and fast synaptic transfer to motor giant fibers, with properties that suggest an ephaptic mechanism. Escape response Giant fibers Synapse Escape reflexes are characteristic behaviors...

... that it is lower than the refresh rate of our monitors. In fact, we found no differences between the escape response elicited by a black sheet of cardboard approaching the animal and the computer simulation of an object of the same size and speed of approach (D. Oliva, Mechanisms of visual detection and avoidance...

...Benjamin M. Perlman; Miriam A. Ashley-Ross ABSTRACT Aquatic C -start escape responses in teleost fishes are driven by a well-studied network of reticulospinal neurons that produce a motor pattern of simultaneous contraction of axial muscle on the side of the body opposite the threatening stimulus...

..., AAS was greater in skates from GB while it was significantly depressed in the GoM skates across the same temperature range. Conversely, GoM skates were able to endure the escape response for a longer period of time and righted themselves more times before fatiguing. The greater AAS measured in the GB...

...Arjun Nair; Grigor Azatian; Matthew J. McHenry ABSTRACT Larval fish use the ‘fast start’ escape response to rapidly evade the strike of a predator with a three-dimensional (3D) maneuver. Although this behavior is essential for the survival of fishes, it is not clear how its motion is controlled...

... by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2013 intervertebral joints escape response kinematics stiffness swimming XROMM Body stiffness is thought to impact locomotor performance in fish by increasing the speed of propulsive wave propagation and, ultimately, thrust ( Wainwright et al., 1978 ; Long et...

...Damián Oliva; Daniel Tomsic SUMMARY Escape responses to directly approaching predators represent one instance of an animal's ability to avoid collision. Usually, such responses can be easily evoked in the laboratory using two-dimensional computer simulations of approaching objects, known as looming...

...Brad A. Chadwell; Emily M. Standen; George V. Lauder; Miriam A. Ashley-Ross SUMMARY The fast-start escape response is critically important to avoid predation, and axial movements driving it have been studied intensively. Large median dorsal and anal fins located near the tail have been hypothesized...

... of the flexible fin surface. To expand our analysis of median fin function during the escape response of bluegill sunfish ( Lepomis macrochirus ), patterns of spanwise and chordwise curvature of the soft dorsal and anal fin surfaces were examined from the same video sequences previously used in analysis of fin...

...Stefano Marras; Shaun S. Killen; Guy Claireaux; Paolo Domenici; David J. McKenzie SUMMARY Inter-individual variation in physiological performance traits, which is stable over time, can be of potential ecological and evolutionary significance. The fish escape response is interesting in this regard...

...Paolo Domenici; Jonathan M. Blagburn; Jonathan P. Bacon Summary Escape responses are used by many animal species as their main defence against predator attacks. Escape success is determined by a number of variables; important are the directionality (the percentage of responses directed away from...

... escape responses. Three experiments were carried out. (1) Control and WS-stimulated fish were startled using lateral mechanical stimuli, to test whether the orientation of the postural C-bend affected escape direction and performance. Postural curvature was defined as positive when escapes were towards...

... for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 17 1 2009 2009 Drosophila escape response estimation flight geometric modeling tracking The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster has emerged as one of the most important model genetic organisms used in modern biology...