... concentration (pressure). Solute/volume plots of the ECF (hemolymph) reveal that insects tolerate large changes in all three of these ECF variables. Challenges beyond those tolerances may be ‘corrected’ or ‘compensated’. While a correction simply reverses the challenge, compensation accommodates the challenge...

... in sprint speed up an incline using Pearson's product-moment correlation for each sex separately. To assess whether compensation was masking any potential trade-offs, we investigated the relationships between relative head size and other morphological variables that could affect sprint speed. Males...

... interests declared. 14 12 2012 28 4 2013 © 2013. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2013 behaviour compensation critical swimming speed metabolic rate morphology tail beat frequency Swimming performance is important for fish because it is closely related...

..., food intake may be limited in late pregnancy by competition for space in the abdomen between the alimentary tract and fetuses. Hence, females may need to compensate their energy budgets during pregnancy by reducing activity and lowering body temperature. We explored the relationships between energy...

..., suggesting that common eiders were using some form of compensation when under a high work load. We were also unable to detect a negative relationship between water temperature and resting heart rate, a proxy of resting metabolic rate. This was unexpected, based on the assumption that high thermoregulation...

... and behavioral strategies such as compensatory head movements. During self-movement, head rotations compensate for changes in body attitude in order to stabilize gaze. However, how walking animals cope with uneven structured substrates, which may affect body and gaze orientation, is still unknown. We used stereo...

... of the effect of wind on air speed is desirable. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 19 10 2006 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2007 2007 compensation flight model spurious correlation wind A fundamental aspect of flight behavior is how...

...Arjan Boonman; Gareth Jones SUMMARY When approaching a prey target, bats have been found to decrease the intensity of their emitted echolocation pulses, called intensity compensation. In this paper we examine whether intensity compensation in the echolocation of bats is flexible or stereotyped. We...