... that serotonin(5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) produces a significant increase in the ciliary beat frequency (CBF) in a large proportion of ciliary cells. Both Ca 2+ influx and a unique isoform of protein kinase C (PKC) were implicated in the signal transduction pathway underlying the cilio-excitatory response to 5...

...-mail: [email protected] ) 22 7 2002 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2002 2002 Embryonic behavior nitric oxide pond snail Helisoma trivolvis serotonin ciliary beating gastropods NADPH diaphorase Nitric oxide (NO) is an unstable gas that acts as a messenger molecule...

...Yuuko Wada; Yoshihiro Mogami; Shoji A. Baba ABSTRACT The modification of ciliary beating by neurotransmitters in sea urchin larvae at the four-armed pluteus stage was analyzed in terms of the direction of beating and fluctuation in the beat period. Application of dopamine to Pseudocentrotus...

...Kimberley J. Christopher; John P. Chang; Jeffrey I. Goldberg ABSTRACT Serotonin (5-HT) has been established as a regulator of ciliary beating in numerous systems. In early embryos of Helisoma trivolvis , a cilia-driven rotational movement is modulated by the release of endogenous serotonin from...

... of membrane potential, since both changes of the beating mode occur simultaneously. 29 07 1995 © The Company of Biologists Limited 1995 cell locomotion ciliary beating electromotor coupling Ca 2+ gradient Protozoa voltage-clamp Didinium nasutum Ciliary organelles serve...

...Yoshihiro Mogami; Shima Sekiguchi; Shoji A. Baba ABSTRACT Two different types of ciliary beating, normal and reversed, were analyzed on the same cilia on cells isolated from echinoplutei. Bends on the cilium in reversed beating were observed to increase in curvature during propagation...

... motor effect produced by ciliary beating, a small disk with its edge lying on the sole of the foot was used. The ciliary beating forced the disk to rotate. In the pedal ganglia, efferent locomotor neurones (ELNs) were found, which control the locomotor activity of the ciliated epithelium. This locomotor...