... to a noxious chemical cue using whole-brain calcium imaging, and identified neural correlates in the area postrema, an area of the hindbrain containing noradrenergic and dopaminergic neurons. Pharmaceutical blockade experiments showed that α-adrenergic receptors contribute to the behavioral response...

..., and preserve information on the spatial structure of the stimulus. Olfaction Odour coding Calcium imaging Antennal lobe Insects Cockroach The olfactory system is highly conserved across species ( Galizia and Rössler, 2010 ; Hildebrand and Shepherd, 1997 ; Kay and Stopfer, 2006...

... coding patterns. We studied the representation of plant-derived odorants in the brain of closely and distantly related moth species ( Fig. 1 ). The method we used, calcium imaging, allowed us to monitor neural activity in the AL evoked by a set of 14 volatiles in vivo ( Fig. 2 ). The basic mapping...

... for correspondence ( cokuno@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp ) 2 11 2011 © 2012. 2012 sperm motility motility initiation salmonid fish osmotic shock Ca 2+ calcium imaging Sperm motility is indispensable for fertilization success. Fish sperm are known to be motile for very short periods...

.... The difference between responses to the CS+ and the strongly generalized odor were not statistically significant for behavior and calcium imaging. This result underlines the importance of monitoring behavior during physiological studies on memory formation, because if no differences between physiological...

... to the mixture was maintained while increasing the benzonitrile level up to 100 times. Further increases led to behaviorally ineffective mixtures. Then, we recorded odor-evoked neural activity patterns in the antennal lobes, the main olfactory center of the brain, using calcium imaging. Benzonitrile-containing...

... recordings. Calcium imaging was used to measure odour-evoked responses to queen pheromonal components and plant odours. MG2 responded specifically to the main component of the queen mandibular pheromone, 9-ODA. The secondary components HOB and HVA each triggered activity in one, but not the same, ordinary...

... calcium imaging contraction GABA Procambarus clarkii The crayfish claw opener (abductor) muscle is innervated by a glutamate-releasing, excitatory axon and a GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid)-releasing, inhibitory axon ( Van Harreveld, 1939 ) ( Fig. 1 ). There is also an inhibitory neuron common...

...-mail: bryant@monell.org ) 19 11 2003 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2004 2004 calcium imaging capsaicin chick digital fluorescence imaging Fura Red irritation methyl anthranilate pain primary cell culture trigeminal neuron repellent Although the general morphological...

... of this stable Drosophila expression system for the characterization of neurotransmitter receptors is discussed. 03 05 1995 © The Company of Biologists Limited 1995 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor stable expression calcium imaging Drosophila melanogaster Acetylcholine...

... 1993 by Company of Biologists 1993 calcium imaging sea urchin eggs sperm egg sperm–egg fusion calcium waves fertilization Fertilization in many species and in all but a very few vertebrates is marked by an activating wave of calcium that sweeps through the cytoplasm from the point...

... controlling growth, synapse formation and neuronal interactions with other cell types. 26 11 1990 © 1991 by Company of Biologists 1991 in vitro neurone calcium imaging Periplaneta americana . Insect central nervous systems (CNS) have provided versatile preparations...