... for an increase in T b ( Richards, 1970a ; White, 2006 ). Eventually, as T b does increase, the thermal tachypnea gives way to thermal hyperventilation with a deep and slow breathing pattern ( Richards, 1970a ; White, 2006 ). In embryos, even when close to hatching like those of the present study, active...

..., breathing patterns, metabolic rates, lung volume and lung diffusing capacity were measured at rest and during exercise in the pregnant skink Tiliqua nigrolutea . Breathing patterns were largely unaffected by gestation; however, decreases in metabolic rate (rate of oxygen consumption) in the late stages...

... , which is responsible for the emergence of DGCs during inactivity. To test this, Nauphoeta cinerea cockroaches had their brains inactivated by applying a Peltier-chilled cold probe to the head. Once brain temperature fell to 8°C, cockroaches switched from a continuous to a discontinuous breathing pattern...

...Suzanne L. Munns SUMMARY High gestational loads result in fetuses that occupy a large proportion of the body cavity and may compress maternal organs. Compression of the lungs results in alterations in breathing patterns during gestation, which may affect the energetic cost of breathing...

... B altered the breathing pattern by increasing T NVP and T I ( Fig. 2 ). Decreases in V̇ O 2 , V̇ CO 2 ( Fig. 4 ) and VT I / T I also accompanied a decrease in T B . Diaphragmatic EMG activity was not always evident during inspiration, but when EMG activity was present...

.... * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 9 2 2008 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2008 2008 thermoregulation thermal windows respiration breathing pattern In order to survive in hypoxic environments, animals must continue to balance cellular oxygen...

... 2002 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2002 2002 exercise ventilation oxygen consumption oxygen transport blood gas breathing pattern reptile Varanus mertensi lung diffusion P 50 oxygen affinity Metabolic rate, or more precisely, the rate of oxygen consumption( V̇...

...Colin E. Sanders; William K. Milsom SUMMARY This study was designed to determine whether lung inflation stimulates or inhibits breathing in frogs by examining the effect of tonic lung inflation on the ‘fictive’ breathing pattern of decerebrate, unidirectionally ventilated bullfrogs. Neural...

...KC Prabha; David G. Bernard; Manuela Gardner; Neal J. Smatresk ABSTRACT The breathing pattern in the aquatic caecilian Typhlonectes natans was investigated by recording airflow via a pneumotachograph under unrestrained normal physiological conditions. Ventilatory mechanics were assessed using...

... temperatures during the active season, some individuals assume an episodic breathing pattern (A. S. Abe, unpublished data), reflecting the flexible nature of the tegus’ ventilatory pattern. In this context, it seems plausible that the hypometabolic state experienced by the tegus during hibernation may lead...

... . Respir. Physiol . 54 , 331 – 341 . 10.1016/0034-5687(83)90076-2 Wang , T. and Warburton , S. J. ( 1995 ). Breathing pattern and cost of breathing in American alligators . Respir. Physiol . 102 , 29 – 37 10.1016/0034-5687(95)00043-D Wilson , K. J. ( 1971...

... and energetic benefit to such coordination. * e-mail: [email protected] . 19 2 1997 ©The Company of Biologists Limited 1997 flight breathing pattern black-billed magpie CO 2 respiratory–locomotor coordination Pica pica A number of different ratios between...