... integration, vector memory and view memory, but what is the evidence that these geometric capabilities form an integrated map? Ants Bees Navigation Path integration Vector View Are the internal mechanisms supporting biological navigation ‘map-like’ representations? Could animal brains...

... direction from the landmark in task 2 was opposite to that in task 1. The context in which task 2 took place was either the same as the task-1 context or different: being a short distance away, having different surrounding landmarks, and a different colour on the training table. After each task, the bees...

... information obtained from these environmental features is encoded in memory. This paper reviews recent progress by my colleagues and me towards understanding three specific aspects of this problem in honeybees: (1) how bees learn the spatial relationships among widely separated locations in a familiar terrain...

..., as has been proposed previously. J. exp. Biol. 159. 419-431 (1991) 4 1 9 Primed in Great Britain © The Company of Biologists Limited 1991 NEURAL CONTROL OF FIBRILLAR MUSCLES IN BEES DURING SHIVERING AND FLIGHT BY HARALD ESCH AND FRANZ GOLLER Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame...

.... The temperatures recorded are commonly accepted as slight underestimates of actual values prior to capture due to passive cooling between capture and insertion of the thermocouple. Here we present laboratory experiments involving tethered flight which show that bees often warm up on cessation of flight...