... the behavioral changes that vertebrate animals experience following infection. We then compare and contrast the physiological mechanisms responsible for generating these sickness behaviors across different taxa. Bacteria Parasite Pathogen Infection Diseases Sickness behavior Fever Cytokines...

... biofilms exist on immersed surfaces on which they attach, barnacles must interact with bacteria during initial attachment and subsequent growth. The objective of this study was to characterize the developing interface of the barnacle and substratum during this key developmental transition to inform...

...Alexandra A. Mushegian; Elodie Burcklen; Tobias M. M. Schär; Dieter Ebert ABSTRACT The environments in which animals develop and evolve are profoundly shaped by bacteria, which affect animals both indirectly through their role in biogeochemical processes and directly through antagonistic...

... or >3 μm were rarely accumulated. Carboxylate microspheres were accumulated more than sulfate or amine microspheres. These results of accumulation in the absence of food probably well simulate uptake of or feeding on the microspheres. Presence of food bacteria even at bacteria:nematode ratios of 1:100...

... the low-abundance taxa in order to make more accurate estimate of their diversity ( Sogin et al.,2006 ). Using the 454 pyrosequencing technology, 118 000 amplicons were sequenced that spanned the V6 hypervariable region of the ribosomal RNA(rRNA) from bacteria collected at different depths and locations...

... K + channel membrane protein evolution NAD-binding domain K+ transport system archaea bacteria Eukaryotic K + channels have been isolated from vertebrates, arthropods, molluscs, nematodes, protozoa, fungi, yeast and higher plants. They are involved in many cellular processes...

... the true net movement of Na + itself. ©The Company of Biologists Limited 1994 I should also note that the capacity to manipulate cation exchange systems in bacteria – specifically, the ability to delete them from the E. coli chromosome – offers an unprecedented experimental opportunity...