.... Artificial selection Longshanks mouse Kinematics Performance Lunge-jumping Jumping Limb length University of Calgary http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100008459 Alberta Innovates Summer Research Scholarship University of Calgary http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100008459...

... is due to an age-related decrease in the capacity to dissipate heat. Artificial selection Aging Bank voles Heat dissipation limit theory Metabolic rate Reproductive performance Narodowe Centrum Nauki http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004281 2016/22/E/NZ8/00416 2016/23/B/NZ8/00888...

.... Summary: There is a muscle-level trade-off between speed and endurance across replicated lines of mice experimentally selected for high levels of voluntary wheel running. However, this trade-off does not appear to underpin a previously reported organismal-level trade-off. Artificial selection...

... Corticosterone Artificial selection Myodes glareolus In nature, animals are frequently exposed to challenges such as encounters with predators or competitors, harsh weather conditions or food deficiency. Successfully coping with such challenges involves a spectrum of psychological and physiological...

... of Biologists Ltd 2019 http://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/ Summary: The aerobic exercise performance of bank voles during a swimming trial is suppressed by the glucocorticoid stress response, but artificial selection for high performance does not modify the blood corticosterone level...

... ) Competing interests The authors declare no competing or financial interests. 7 3 2019 24 4 2019 © 2019. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2019 http://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/ Summary: Fifteen generations of artificial selection for long limb bones...

... mice have a lower buffering capacity than males and wheel access has no significant effect. Artificial selection Buffering capacity Endurance Voluntary exercise Skeletal muscle Wheel running Fig. 2. Average home-cage activity metrics across 5   days for C versus HR mice...

... phenotypic plasticity. Adaptive plasticity Artificial selection Exercise Muscle metabolic capacities Phenotypic plasticity Organ masses A multitude of studies have documented ‘training responses’ (phenotypic plasticity) resulting from chronic wheel access or forced treadmill exercise...

... to constrain immune responses in mice. BMR Blood parameters Artificial selection Humoral response Immunosuppression Trade-offs Studies on energy balance are based on the assumption that the available resources, most notably energy, are limited. These limitations are therefore assumed...

... and 10°C divided by the difference between the temperatures ( McNab, 2002 ). Artificial selection Doubly labelled water Food consumption Maternal investment Milk energy output Thermal conductance Summary: Fur removal increases both energy budget and reproductive output at peak...

... characteristics remain unaffected. Myodes glareolus Aerobic capacity Artificial selection Fibre types Gastrocnemius Locomotor performance The maximum rate of aerobic exercise metabolism is a trait of special interest from both medical and evolutionary–comparative perspectives, because...

...., and commented on and approved by the other authors. Competing interests The authors declare no competing financial interests. 6 2 2014 14 8 2014 © 2014. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2014 Artificial selection Cross-fostering Daily energy expenditure Heat...

... by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2014 Oxidative stress Cost of reproduction Basal metabolic rate Lactation Artificial selection The evolution of high basal metabolic rate (BMR) and endothermy are hypothesized to result from selection for intensive parental care ( Farmer, 2000 ; Koteja, 2000...

.... A more complete picture of both innate and adaptive immunity would be useful in determining the specific mechanisms by which artificial selection for high levels of voluntary exercise has affected immune function HR and C mice. Nevertheless, the results of this study and others ( Malisch et al., 2009a...

... candidate gene networks in wild-type ovaries of different sizes. We found differential expression in 2151 ovarian transcripts in these artificially selected honey bee strains, corresponding to approximately 20.3% of the predicted gene set of honey bees. Differences in gene expression overlapped...

...Ivan Hiltpold; Mariane Baroni; Stefan Toepfer; Ulrich Kuhlmann; Ted C. J. Turlings SUMMARY The efficacy of natural enemies as biological control agents against insect pests can theoretically be enhanced by artificial selection for high responsiveness to foraging cues. The recent discovery...

... at Chapel Hill 27599-7461, USA † Present address: Department of Biology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA ‡ Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) 6 10 2009 © 2010. 2010 artificial selection central limitation experimental evolution maximum...

.... As in the selection routine, all mice had water and food [Harlan Teklad Laboratory Rodent Diet (W)-8604, Los Angeles, CA, USA] available ad libitum . Room temperature was ∼73°F (∼23°C) and photoperiod was 12 h:12 h, with lights on at 07:00 h. Mice were sampled from the 49th generation of an artificial selection...

... model for the evolution of endothermy. * Author for correspondence( [email protected] ) 10 6 2009 2009 evolution of endothermy artificial selection metabolic rate aerobic capacity Endothermy is a hallmark of the physiology of birds and mammals. It is therefore...

... for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 28 5 2009 2009 artificial selection exercise experimental evolution maximum metabolic rate oxygen consumption sprint speed trade-off For most animals, the ability to move through the environment is fundamental to many fitness-critical...