... Highlighted Article: In many aposematic species, chemical defences show complex variability. Early-life resources in an aposematic moth affect the variation in the chemical defences but, surprisingly, not in the melanin amount of the wings. Aposematism Arctia plantaginis Lepidoptera Life history...

...Lu-Yi Wang; Wen-San Huang; Hsin-Chieh Tang; Lung-Chun Huang; Chung-Ping Lin ABSTRACT Anti-predator strategies are significant components of adaptation in prey species. Aposematic prey are expected to possess effective defences that have evolved simultaneously with their warning colours. This study...

...Vanessa Noboa; Rhanor Gillette SUMMARY Predator–prey interactions involving aposematic signaling, where predators learn the warning cues of well-defended prey, are clear examples of cost–benefit decisions in foraging animals. However, knowledge of the selectivity of predator learning...

... of secreted saponins were very low compared with the body wall and Cuvierian tubules concentrations. At natural concentrations, saponins do not represent a threat to the health of predatory fish. The deterrent effect of saponins seems therefore to act as an aposematic signal, warning potential predators...

... to give the bat time to process the meaning of the warning signal and that moths calling at low duty cycles are more likely to employ such an aposematic strategy. We report here the first investigation of a tiger moth assemblage's response to playback of a bat echolocation attack sequence. This assemblage...

.... J. Exp. Biol. 58 , 123 -135. Bates, D. L. and Fenton, M. B. ( 1990 ). Aposematism or startle? Predators learn their responses to the defense of prey. Can. J. Zool. 68 , 49 -52. Bell, G. P. ( 1982 ). Behavioral and ecological aspects of gleaning by a desert insectivorous bat...

... in color and pattern in Panama. It is known that females of D. pumilio preferentially choose mates of their own color morph. Nevertheless, potential predators must clearly see and recognize all color morphs if the aposematic signaling system is to function effectively. We examined the ability...